A Study On Engels Theory Of Ideology In His Later Years

In the second half of the nineteenth century,the widespread spread of Marxism caused panic among the bourgeoisie.Bourgeois "idealists" began to denigrate Marxism and try to whitewash capitalism.Especially after Marx death,bourgeois attacks gained more momentum.They tried to revive German classical philosophy,erase the essential difference between Marxism and German classical philosophy,and confuse Marxist philosophy with old philosophy;on the other hand,they tried to paralyze and confuse the broad masses of workers with bourgeois state and religious theories and propagandize capitalism to the masses of workers.At the same time,the "youth faction" in the German Democratic Party also misinterpreted Marxist thought with shallow,one-sided and even ignorant posture,affixed historical materialism everywhere as a label,and preached that it was a real Marxist.The misinterpretation of Marxism by the members of the German Democratic Party has had a very serious influence inside and outside the Party,especially the guidance to the proletariat has caused serious consequences in theory and practice,and has also left a handle for the bourgeoisie to pull the "little braid" of Marxism.Engels,as a revolutionary,on the one hand,continued Marx criticism of capitalism and criticized bourgeois theory in his later years.In view of the bourgeois attack on the political superstructure and the preached view of super-class state,Engels exposed the essence of bourgeois state and pointed out that the state is the tool of class rule.In view of the bourgeois attack on Marxist philosophy,Engels criticized the new Kantism and the new Hagelism and thoroughly divided the relationship between Marxism and the old philosophy.In view of the bourgeois religious theory,Engels pointed out that the emergence of religion has its social roots,and reveals that religion is the ruling tool and coat of the ruling class.In his later years,Engels deeply exposed the hypocritical nature of bourgeois theory by criticizing bourgeois state,philosophy and religious theory.At the same time,it also criticizes the trend of thought of dogmatism and opportunity in the international labor movement.On the other hand,while criticizing the bourgeoisie,it perfects Marxist ideological theory,clarifies the relationship between economic base and superstructure,probes into the ultimate reason and motive force of social and historical development,and analyzes the relative independence of ideology.Engels’ ideological theory in his later years was formed and developed in the course of criticism of bourgeois ideology.Today,the development of our socialism is also facing criticism and criticism within the Party and outside the Party.Therefore,Engels exposition and perfection of Marxist ideology in his later years is of great significance for us to adhere to and maintain the dominant position of Marxist ideology today,criticize all kinds of erroneous thoughts,and build socialist ideology.