A Study On The Changes Of The Elderly People’s Happiness In The Changes Of The Pension Model In China

With the development of China’s and the improvement of people’s living standards,happiness has begun to be valued by people.For us who have already entered the aging society,older people’s happiness is concerned.This thesis defines the pension model in China in three dimensions: economic source,living mode,and emotional comfort.The composition of happiness is measured by the three aspects of life satisfaction,positive emotion,and negative emotion agreed by scholars in SWB theory.Based on the 2005 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS)baseline survey data from 2005 and the follow-up survey data from 2008,2011,and2014,this thesis uses the cohort analysis to analyze the changes in China’s pension model.Using the method of Ordered Logistic regression analysis,this thesis discusses how different pension models affect the happiness of the elderly in China,and also analyzes whether this effect is heterogeneous in gender,age,education level,and living standard.Studies have shown that the model of pension in China still mainly focuses on economic independence and child support,living with family members,and relatives as the object of emotional comfort,which shows that family pension is still the main form of pension model in China.However,China’s old-age care model is changing at a slow pace.With the increase of age,the number of elderly people who rely on government subsidies is increasing.Family support characterized by child support,living with spouse and family is still an important factor to improve the happiness of the elderly,and the role of family pension in improving happiness is still irreplaceable.However,we also found that the old people’s acceptance of other models of old-age care is also good.In addition to family care,other models can also bring happiness to the old people.The effects of old-age care model on happiness include gender differences,education levels,living standards,and urban-rural differences.Men prefer child support over women.Elderly or educated old people are more likely to receive emotional comfort from non-relatives.For families with better living standards or old people living in cities / towns,their lives are more secure,and economic sources do not affect their happiness.It has a significant impact on the average living standard of the elderly.In the case of the slow change of the old-age care model,although the role of family old-age care for happiness cannot be replaced,other old-age care models are beginning to be accepted.Therefore,the happiness of the elderly in our country can be guaranteed and may be improved.When the parents of the only child in the future lose the basis of having more children to support an elderly person,and can only receive old-age security from one child,how can the elderly get happiness? The findings of this thesis’ s conclusions can provide a practical policy basis for the government to improve the well-being of the elderly.