Research On Iran’s Nuclear Policy Of The United States From The Perspective Of Domestic Politics(2009-2019)

On May 8,2018,US President Donald trump announced that he would withdraw from the comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear issue(hereinafter referred to as the "Iran nuclear agreement"),and put "extreme pressure" on Iran.The Iranian nuclear issue once again drew wide attention from the international community.The policy of the United States on the Iranian nuclear issue greatly influences the development direction of the Iranian nuclear issue.This paper aims to study the Iranian nuclear policy of the United States from 2009 to 2019 from the perspective of domestic politics,and to grasp the main domestic political factors influencing Iran’s nuclear policy.The domestic political variables that affect American foreign policy mainly include the President,congress and interest groups.During the period from President Obama’s inauguration to President trump’s announcement of withdrawing from the "Iran nuclear agreement",the Iranian nuclear policy during the Obama administration generally went through three stages of "engagement and negotiation--containment and sanctions--return to negotiation" through reviewing and sorting out Iran’s nuclear policy.The Iran nuclear deal is an important policy achievement of the Obama administration on the Iranian nuclear issue.There is a debate in the United States over whether the "Iran nuclear agreement" can prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons.There are different voices in the United States on whether to adjust the Iranian nuclear policy of the Obama administration,which influences the Iranian nuclear policy of the trump administration.The end result of the debate was to withdraw from the Iran nuclear deal and reopen economic sanctions against Iran.After a comprehensive understanding of Iran’s nuclear policy in this period,three political factors including the administration,congress and interest groups of the United States were selected for detailed analysis according to the different political variables affecting the effects of the United States’ foreign policy and the variables playing an important role in Iran’s nuclear policy.Through the analysis,it can be found that the President is the primary factor influencing the Iranian nuclear policy of the United States from 2009 to 2019,and the different choices of Obama and trump in policy ideas,objectives and means directly affect the change of Iran’s nuclear policy.Congress and interest groups on the Iranian nuclear issue can be divided into two camps that advocate a tough policy and a policy of engagement.In congress and among interest groups,the hardline camp is powerful and dominant most of the time.When the Obama administration advocated engagement and negotiated with Iran on the nuclear issue,members of this camp blocked the implementation of the engagement policy,which made the Iranian nuclear policy of the Obama administration appear periodic characteristics.After 2013,the strength of the camp advocating engagement policy grew.In addition to the Obama administration actively promoting the negotiations,there were also the democratic members of the camp advocating engagement in congress and the interest groups represented by the us foreign trade council.The three parties made joint efforts to achieve the signing of the "Iran nuclear agreement".As trump and a growing number of hard-line officials took control,the result was to pull out of the Iran nuclear deal and reopen economic sanctions against Iran.The Iranian nuclear policy of the United States is the result of the combined action of many factors.Whether and how the Iranian nuclear policy of the United States will change in the future still needs to be comprehensively analyzed in combination with the specific domestic and international environment.