Research On Semantic Collocation Errors Of General Quantifier "Zhong" Based On HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus

There are abundant quantifiers in Chinese,which are divided into three categories:material quantifiers,momentum quantifiers and temporal quantifiers.There are hundreds of Quantifiers in common used.Because the number of things is difficult to count,the relationship between quantifiers and nouns can not be one-to-one correspondence,which means that a quantifier can often form a selective relationship with multiple nouns;On the contrary,nouns will choose different quantifiers according to the characteristics they emphasize to enhance the expression effect,that is,a noun can also form a selective relationship with different quantifiers.The one to many and many to one two-way choice between quantifiers and nouns has always been the difficulty and focus in the process of Chinese as a second language teaching.The general Quantifier "Zhong" is a class A vocabulary in the outline of Chinese level vocabulary and Chinese character level.It can count both concrete and abstract things.The universality and high-frequency use of "Zhong" collocation objects will naturally bring great confusion to learners’ learning,resulting in a large number of typical or atypical errors in the process of use.Taking this general quantifier as the research object,we only select the corpus of misuse and bias of "Zhong" in HSK dynamic composition corpus as the research scope,discuss the two-way selection relationship between "Zhong" and related nouns,take the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic rules of "Zhong" as the basis for defining collocation bias and error analysis,and give the category of semantic bias of "Zhong" as the starting point,Qualitative analysis is carried out on the basis of quantitative statistics of error corpus.We searched and counted the output results of the two kinds of corpus of the word "Zhong" in the HSK dynamic composition corpus of Beijing Language and Culture University.A total of 85 error corpora of misusing "Zhong" and 113 error corpora of using "Zhong" but not "Zhong" were detected.Out of a total of 198 corpora,24 are excluded from the scope of discussion,and the remaining 174 error corpora are taken as the research scope of misuse and error of "Zhong".Starting from the selection relationship between "Zhong" and collocation object,this paper discusses the errors in the two-way selection relationship with different kinds of nouns and the misuse of related quantifiers.According to the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic constraints of "Zhong",the semantic errors of "Zhong" are divided into two types: the misuse of "Zhong" and related quantifiers and the choice of misuse types for diversified categories of things.The misuse of "Zhong" and individual quantifiers and the misuse of collective quantifiers are discussed respectively with the misuse of related quantifiers.The misuse of diversified category selection of things is divided into the misuse of news nouns,material nouns,knowledge nouns,living nouns,consciousness nouns,relationship nouns and activity nouns.The corresponding corrective measures are put forward by seeking the causes of different types of errors,give the corresponding teaching and learning strategies,hoping to become a more completed case study on quantifier usage errors.Among them,the classification and discussion of the collocation objects of the Quantifier "Zhong" and the comparative analysis of quantifiers that are often misused with "Zhong" are the focus of this paper.