Research On Wang Fu’s "Lixuezhai Qinpu"

"Lixuezhai Qinpu"is a collection of ancient Qinpu compiled by Wang Fu in the eighth year of Yongzheng（1730）.The book contains guqin tuning system,guqin tonality,guqin music and other contents.Structurally,it is divided into introduction,postscript and upper and lower volumes.The first volume contains three guqin theories and nine traditional guqin songs,including"203 musical sound"（《二百单三指掌》）,"25 guqin tonality"（《二十五调指掌》）and"5 guqin tonality"（《五调启蒙》）,and the second volume contains seven self created guqin songs.This score is an important practice for Wang Fu to realize the"revival of ancient music".It not only reflects Wang Fu’s ability and aesthetic characteristics in the compilation and creation of Qin songs,but also reflects the historical status quo of the development of Qin songs in the Qing Dynasty in the form of individual cases.It has a certain academic value for the research on the development of Qin songs in the Qing DynastyTaking lixuezhai qinpu as the research object,this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the version,background,tune and music of the musical score by using the methods of literature analysis,music analysis and comparative research,and further expounds the specific manifestation and ideological connotation of Wang Fu’s aesthetic view of"danhe"（淡和）.First of all,research on the version and the background of the book.The author makes a comparative study of the two existing versions of the book,defines the similarities and differences in the framework and content,and analyzes the writing background of the book from three aspects:Wang Fu’s personal music concept,the characteristics of music development in the Qing Dynasty and the leading factors of social environment.Secondly,it studies the playing techniques and guqin theory of the score.According to the playing techniques actually used in the guqin score,the author compares the contents of fingering in Wang Fu’s music monograph"Yue Jing Huo Wen"（《乐经或问》）,and finds that Wang Fu clearly classifies fingering and supports reducing"rhyme sound"（走手音）,but opposes"complex sound"（繁声）.In terms of guqin tuning system,the author transforms the law generating process in the guqin score and the process of twelve law spiral palace transfer into mathematical calculation,analyzes its law generating mode,sound score and emblem position,and compares the string tuning method in the music classic or question,and comes to the conclusion that Wang Fu uses the emblem law string tuning method.In terms of guqin tune,this paper examines and argues the three doubtful guqin tunes in the guqin score,namely desolate tune,Liyou tune and Ruibin tune,defines the fixed string of the three guqin tunes,and also finds that Qu Yuan Wen Du（《屈原问渡》）in the guqin score should be desolate tune.Thirdly,the research on the guqin music of the book.The author selects three traditional guqin songs and three self created guqin songs for music analysis.Aiming at the traditional Qin music,this paper comprehensively combs the existence of the three songs from the perspective of macro historical evolution,and analyzes their adaptation characteristics from the micro perspective.Wang Fu’s adaptation of traditional guqin music is mainly divided into three types:changing the melody,supplementing the words of the old music,and changing the words of the old music.The self created Qin songs can be divided into the following types:distant and clear,happy and comfortable,sad,and peaceful.Therefore,according to different musical elements such as tune,structure and musical meaning,the author selects three guqin songs of"Du Shu Yin"（《读书引》）,"Wu Yu Chun Yong"（《舞雩春咏》）and"Da Feng Chang"（《大风唱》）for the study of translation spectrum.Combined with the characteristics of other four songs,the author comes to the conclusion that the theme of this kind of guqin song originates from poetry,prose collection and lyrics,uses a variety of expression methods,has the characteristics of recitation,and the melody is"about Zhongzheng".Finally,based on the above interpretation of the text and the analysis of the music content,the text believes that the guqin score reflects Wang Fu’s guqin music proposition of "Cultivate sentiment",the guqin music tendency of "respecting elegance and suppressing vulgarity" and the guqin music concept of "only light and harmony",The specific manifestations are the guqin music creation mode of "learning but not working,chanting harmony" and the guqin music style characteristics of "only mediocre,about Zhongzheng".