A Study Of Lu You’s Shanyin Poetry In His Later Years

As the first peak in the history of Southern Song Poetry,Lu You is always amazed by the number of "10,000 poems in sixty years".It is not known that of his nearly 10,000 poems,more than 6,700 were concentrated in the later years when he lived in seclusion in shanyin.The object of this article is also the poetry written by Lu You from the sixteenth year of Chunxi’s dismissal（1189）to his death in the second year of Jiading（1209）,during which he lived in his hometown of Shanyin.The definition,statistics and creative background of Lu You’s Shanyin poems in his later years are an important breakthrough in the study of Lu You’s rural poetry,and the rich emotions,diverse styles,literary values and spiritual characteristics presented in his poems have been respected and far-reaching by literati in the same period and even in later generations."Research on Shanyin Poetry in Lu You’s Later Years" is the top priority to grasp the overall poetry creation of Lu You.The paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter is a study of the definition of shanyin poetry in Lu You’s later years and the background of its creation.The article first defines and counts the Shanyin poems of Lu You’s later years.The so-called Shanyin poems in his later years refer to the first poem written by Lu You in November of the sixteenth year of Chunxi（1189）when he was deposed and returned to his hometown at the age of sixty-five,"Drunken Sketches of Grass Paper",and as of December of the second year of Jiading（1209）,Lu You’s masterpiece poem "Shi’er" composed before his death at the age of eighty-five,a total of more than 6700 poems.The creation of Lu You’s Shanyin poems in his later years was mainly based on three backgrounds:one was the connection between Lu You’s poetry creation after his return from his retirement in his later years and the long-term signing of the "Longxing Peace Agreement" between Song and Jin,a treaty of mourning and humiliation;the second is the political attitude and ideological feelings expressed in Lu You’s poems in his later years under the treacherous imperial court disputes that shrouded the "Qingyuan Party Ban";the third is the complex state of mind produced by Lu You in his later years when he returned to Shanyin and his hidden life state of life,and the influence on his poetry creation.The second chapter is a study of the thematic types of shanyin poems in the later years of Lu You.The first category is patriotic poetry.Lu You,in the hidden life environment of the officials,still never forgot his ambition to restore the Central Plains and destroy the enemy and destroy the country;because the desire to make meritorious achievements and unify the country was difficult to realize,he always recalled his early career on the front line from Rong Nanzheng;he would also chant historical facts and former sages in order to gain lessons and emotional comfort from them.The second category is leisurely poetry.During his long time living in the countryside,Lu You had the opportunity to appreciate the landscape and fields of his hometown,to recite and experience the simple folk customs of his hometown,and to feel the interest of simple and daily life.The third category is lyrical poetry.In his later years,In his later years,Lu You was still unforgettable about the love with Tang Wan,so he wrote a lingering love poem to remember and mourn Tang Wan;although Lu You lived in the countryside in his later years,he often interacted with his old friends by letter.Although Lu You lived in seclusion in the countryside in his later years,he often interacted with his old friends in the form of letters,showing his cherished friendship.The fourth category is philosophical poetry.Under the influence of political,social,family lineage,social travel and other factors,about 260 of Lu You’s Shanyin poems in his later years show his experience of respecting Confucianism,asking questions and cultivating the Taoism,and studying Buddhism,reflecting his thinking and exploration of philosophy.The third chapter is a study of the aesthetic characteristics of Lu You’s Later shanyin poetry.The poems written by Lu You in shanyin in his later years can be described as both in form.His five-speech style is concise and profound;the seven-word style of zhang jun sentences emerge in an endless stream,the "dual" technique is skillfully used,which is highly respected by literati and scholars of the same period and later generations;the miscellaneous speech body moves flexibly,showing the poetic realm of either magnificent or simple and natural in a free sentence style.In terms of artistic characteristics,Lu You writes leisurely and trivial daily life into poetry,which contains its unique aesthetic ideals;rich and diverse imagery makes poetry produce rich aesthetic tastes to express its complex thoughts and emotions;Lu You has a large number of dream poems,hoping to use this artistic technique of virtual reality,romance and realism intertwined to comfort his inner ideals and wishes that are difficult to achieve.In terms of stylistic characteristics,Lu You not only erupts with the same passionate and romantic enthusiasm as Li Bai,but also presents the same depressed feelings of ups and downs and depression and sadness as Du Fu;in the end,it is transformed into a fresh and round,simple and natural delicacy.The fourth chapter is a study of the literary value,spiritual characteristics,and influences of Lu You’s later years of shanyin poetry.First of all,Lu You’s creation of Shanyin poetry in his later years,or inheriting his predecessors or self-summarization,formed a set of creation methods with great literary value: first,the creation theory of "qi-based",the core element of which is that writers should have moral cultivation;second,the creative proposition of "extra-poetic kung fu",that is,a profound understanding of "poet Samadhi",advocating that poetry creation comes from life practice;third,the creative recognition of "poor and backward work",it also confirms the objectivity and correctness of the statement that "poetry can be poor".Secondly,Lu You’s poems in Shanyin in his later years contained valuable spiritual qualities: the ideal of serving the country with diligence and fearlessness ran through Lu You’s entire life;he carried forward the spirit of cultivating and reading heirlooms and inheriting the fine family style of his ancestors;and the countless practices of the idea of compassion for the people and the heavy peasants were a deep embodiment of his people’s feelings.The literary influence of Lu You’s Shanyin poetry in his later years was mainly reflected in two aspects:first,the study and evaluation of Lu You’s poetry by the literati at that time and later generations laid the foundation for Lu You’s status as a bulk in the history of Southern Song Dynasty poetry;Second,with Lu You’s contemporaries and later generations of literati,they not only admired Lu You’s personality and poetry,but also absorbed and borrowed Lu’s strengths,not only imitating his poetry,but also showing a deep degree of acceptance of his poetry.