A Study Of Chinese Politeness Euphemism Acquisition

Euphemism is a linguistic phenomenon when social civilization develops to a certain stage,which is indispensable in daily life and communication.Politeness euphemism belongs to one kind of euphemism.It is easy to cause negative emotions of others in interpersonal communication,which will make the situation awkward and embarrassing.Using politeness euphemism can avoid direct speech stimulation,reduce language conflict in communication and achieve good communication effect.In order to understand the acquisition of politeness euphemisms by second language learners,this paper investigates the use of politeness euphemisms by second language learners in the Global Chinese Interlanguage Corpus and HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus,and combines Wang Yajun’s ’ Practical Euphemism Dictionary ’,Zhang Gonggui ’ Chinese Euphemism Dictionary ’ and Zhu Jingsong ’ General Euphemism Dictionary ’ to screen and determine twenty-five politeness euphemisms as specific research objects.According to the politeness elements contained in politeness euphemisms,they can be divided into five categories:politeness euphemisms containing gratitude politeness elements,politeness euphemisms containing apology politeness elements,politeness euphemisms containing prayer politeness elements,politeness euphemisms containing refusal politeness elements,and politeness euphemisms containing politeness elements.In this paper,the corpus quantitative research method is used to search the keywords of five types of politeness euphemisms,and the corpus that does not meet the conditions is manually removed to obtain the preliminary corpus.The statistical analysis software is used to classify the data of the use of politeness euphemisms by native speakers and second language learners,and the politeness euphemisms of high,medium and low frequencies are obtained.Compared with the use of native speakers,it is concluded that there is excessive use of politeness euphemisms by second language learners.Second language learners’politeness euphemism errors are mainly divided into three types:polywords,wrong words and mispronouns.The specific analysis of error use cases shows that the error rate decreases with the improvement of learners ’ level.In order to verify this result,twenty-five difficulty coefficients of politeness euphemisms are calculated by using the difficulty coefficient formula,and the acquisition sequence of politeness euphemisms is obtained.It shows that the greater the difficulty coefficient of politeness euphemism,the more difficult it is to learn,the lower the frequency of use,the higher the error rate.The quantitative research proves the universal law of second language acquisition,and the acquisition ability increases with the improvement of learners’ level.Politeness euphemism study supplements and expands the scope of euphemism study.Corpus quantitative research provides a new way of thinking for euphemism study.In addition,the error analysis of politeness euphemisms has certain reference significance for the teaching of politeness euphemisms.At the same time,it also provides learning suggestions and strategies for the second language learners to acquire politeness euphemisms.The teaching and learning process should follow the universal acquisition rule,from easy to difficult,and step by step.