A Study Of The Historical Characteristics And Causes Of Doucai Porcelain Of The Third Qing Dynasty

The "doucai" is a porcelain with underglaze blue and blue outline lines and firing at a high temperature of 1300 degrees Celsius to make a lightly painted blue and blue porcelain,and then filling the space within the blue and blue outline lines with mineral pigments on the glaze and then firing again at a low temperature of 800 degrees Celsius in the kiln.This kind of porcelain was also officially named "Doucai" in the "Notes on Southern Kilns" written in the mid-Qing period because of the effect of underglaze blue and overglaze colors competing with each other."Doucai" originated in the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty and became an independent porcelain category in the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty.During the Kang-Qian period,the imperial kilns in Jingdezhen not only produced high-quality Chenghua Doucai porcelain,but also made various innovations and developments based on the inheritance of Ming Doucai.The Kangxi Doucai of the Qing Dynasty was an important transition for the development of Doucai of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and made new models such as the creation of Doucai literary porcelain and Doucai flower pots;the Yongzheng Doucai of the Qing Dynasty reached the second peak in the history of Doucai development,not only in terms of shape and decoration,but also in terms of adding pastel colors to the glaze for the first time;the Qianlong Doucai of the Qing Dynasty was not only more numerous,but also more elegant,showing the Qianlong period’s further pursuit of red and magnificent.It shows the further pursuit of red and magnificent in the Qianlong period.This paper combines the historical data of the three Qing dynasties of doucai in Jingdezhen with the development of doucai and its historical characteristics in the Kangxi,Yongzheng,and Qianlong periods,and explores the historical reasons for the formation and development of doucai porcelain in the three Qing dynasties by combining various factors such as the background of the times,political and economic development,and the emperor’s own hobby and character.