Confucian Ethics From The Perspective Of Virtue Ethics ——Based On Xunzi’s Ethics

For nearly half a century,virtue ethics has ushered in a resurgence in the world.In the Western world,it uses Aristotle as a direct ideological resource to fiercely criticize the mainstream Western consequential ethics and deontological ethics.As a contemporary moral theory,virtue ethics has brought a new theoretical perspective to Western moral philosophy.Virtue ethics focuses on the person as the subject of moral behavior,and takes the cultivation or cultivation of the moral character of the person as the direction and center.This theory seems to coincide with ancient Confucian ethics and is of great significance to the spread of Confucian culture.Since modern times,Confucian ethics has been interpreted as various types of ethics due to the richness of its content and the generosity of theory.Some call it deontological ethics,some call it utilitarian ethics,and some original perspectives call it role ethics.Confucianism has been endowed with a variety of ethics types,various arguments,and inconsistent,which constitute an important topic of Confucian ethics-related theoretical research in recent years.This article believes that Confucian ethics is essentially a moral ethics with the goal of being a gentleman,and its theory emphasizes how to cultivate the morality and character of a benevolent gentleman,rather than constructing a set of normative laws of ethical rationality.One of the major characteristics of Confucian virtue ethics is its emphasis on the "gentleman’s way".Confucius made a comprehensive review of the list of virtucs since the Spring and Autumn Period,and put these virtues on a whole personality named "gentleman".Borrowing the term "gentleman",Confucius expressed what is a good quality,behavior,and state.To Mencius,his ethical characteristic lies in taking the theory of human nature as the theoretical basis of the scholarship of virtue,and the heart of four ends has become the bud of the four virtues of benevolence,justice,courtesy and wisdom.Xunzi’s moral ethics demonstrates the theoretical basis of "the theory of evil nature" from the perspective of "ruling nature with the heart";at the same time,Xunzi also bases on the theory of rituals and academics,from the perspective of "rituals to act" and "learning to become sacred." Two aspects illustrate the importance of Confucian moral education.It can be seen that "ritual" and "wen" are important ways to form morality and virtue,and they play an important role in the theoretical system of Xunzi’s moral ethics.