Basic Study On The Fuyo Of The Ancient Japan

The Fuyo is a special phenomenon caused by the disease of people who are closed to the imperial power in ancient Japan.It is the influence on politics caused by the disease of the core members of the imperial family became public.The "Fuyo","Shinshitsu","Gabyou",and "Oomimiitatsugi" are four euphemistic expressions that often refer to diseases in ancient Japanese historical document.The more distant the literal meaning of the disease pronoun from the disease,the more euphemistic it became,the more hierarchical it became,the stricter when it was used,and the smaller the scope of the subject became.The use of the "Oomimiitatsugi" reflects the fact that the Tenno(the Ookimi)did not yet have full supremacy and privilege during the period of the Yamato,before the establishment of the Ritsuryo system.In addition,the use of Chinese terms such as the "Fuyo" and "Shinshitsu" reflects the influence of the strict ritual and hierarchical order and other Chinese culture on Japanese culture.After the 8th Century,influence of Chinese disease pronouns,such as "Fuyo",continued to grow in Japan.Whenever the "Fuyo" arose,especially in the case of the emperor,the contry under the Ritsuryo had to respond to it with different levels ofs because the emperor’s body had both natural and political attributes.Countermeasure based on Buddhist culture were an important part.The offering of treasures before the Buddha,based on the idea of Fukuden,was one of the measures taken to pray for the Emperor’s recovery,and was an effort to restore the Emperor’s natural body,with a strong’private’ attribute.In contrast,Allowing a large number of people became monks at one time was a measure to restore the political body of the emperor,based on the emperor’s unique right to grant permission and the Buddhist system of the contry under the Ritsuryo,which faded away after the Buddhist reforms of the Heian period.Wishing to become a monk in stead of others,based on the Buddhist principle of substitution,had both public and private attributes and emerged after the 9th century in the form of the Shito.These Buddhistic countermeasures are another kind of display of the power of the Emperor.The illness or death of a key member of the imperial family undoubtedly had an impact on the current situation and the stability of the political system,of which the Fuyo of Emperor Shōtoku and the Fuyo of Emperors Junwa and Saga are two representative examples.The emperor Shōtoku was unable to exercise her power properly with the absence of a successor to the throne,so the emperor Shōtoku maintained stability and authority by gradually transferring some of her royal powers to the Giseikan.While the case of Junwa and Saga shows the complexity of the Fuyo which is not just a crisis but also can be a opportunity for a new political authority to be born.The collapse of the emperor’s political body prompted the transfer of royal authority.