Study On The Evolution Of Prehistoric Social Life In Xinjiang

As an inalienable part of China’s territory,Xinjiang has been a vital route for cultural exchanges between the East and the West since ancient times.At present,there are archeological cultural relics with clear dating data in Xinjiang around 3000 B.C.After that,with the development of time,the number of archeological cultural relics in Xinjiang continues to grow and the distribution range continues to expand.Because of the complicated geographical environment in Xinjiang and the influence of different regional cultures in the surrounding areas,the prehistoric culture in Xinjiang has obvious characteristics of diversification.At present,the rapid development of the archaeological work in Xinjiang has provided a wealth of information for understanding and studying the development of the prehistoric society in Xinjiang.The first chapter is the introduction.Based on the summary of previous relevant research results,the concept of “identity mark” is introduced in combination with the temporal and spatial framework of prehistoric Xinjiang,and the evolution process of prehistoric social life in Xinjiang is preliminarily studied.The last four chapters study the evolution of life of Xinjiang prehistoric society from four aspects of clothing,building,transportation and food respectively,taking time as the key.In the clothing part,the article sorts out the clothing styles of Xinjiang from the Bronze Age to the early Iron Age(3000 B.C.-200 B.C.),from the single uncut block-shaped cloak-like clothes to a variety of cut and shaped clothes,and finally to tailored clothes of proper size.Clothing decorative aspect,from the menstruation of broken weft woven stripe pattern,simple geometric lines,and gradually developed into complex geometric lines combination,the natural grain and animal grain,flowering method also from pure embedded development to drawings,paintings,paintings,wool embroidery,tie-dye and other methods,make the grain on the clothing is more vivid,more fluid of bright colours.The function of clothing also changed from the simple wrapping to the display of the aesthetic needs of ancestors to reflect the function of social status.In terms of clothing style,the cloak style of West Asia and the tianyi style of Central China appeared in central and eastern Xinjiang respectively in the middle and late Bronze Age(2000B.C.-1000 B.C.).As for the techniques of flower development,the kesi technique of connecting longitude and breaking weft in West Asia and the embroidery method of the Central Plains were absorbed and utilized by the ancestors of Xinjiang.On this basis,the ancestors of Xinjiang kept innovating in clothing,such as crotch pants and tuffed blankets,which spread to the outside and then influenced the development of clothing in the east and the west.In the part of food resources,through the study of plant food remains and animal food remains found in Xinjiang,the evolution and development process of Xinjiang ancestors’ food resources is roughly as follows: Before the Bronze Age(before 3000 B.C.),Xinjiang ancestors engaged in hunting and gathering as the main way of living;In the early Bronze Age(3000B.C.-2000 B.C.),the ancestors of Xinjiang were still hunter-gatherers,but a small part of animal husbandry and primitive agriculture had emerged.Wheat,millet and millet were introduced into Xinjiang one after another.In the middle and late Bronze Age(2000B.C.-1000 B.C.),the animal husbandry of the ancestors in Xinjiang had developed into the sedentary animal husbandry and the seasonal transfer animal husbandry.The domestic animal resources increased,and agriculture accounted for a small proportion,which was characterized by the extensive primitive operation mode of mixed planting of various crops.Early iron age(1000 B.C.-200 B.C.),is enclosed within the walls of animal husbandry in xinjiang is very rich,domesticated animals structures as the phenomenon is quite common,this period of xinjiang agricultural regional differences,began to appear in eastern xinjiang oasis basin appeared the characteristics of the business for intensive cultivation,a variety of crop hybrid garden of agriculture,while the ancestors of the engaged in nomadic herding planting single barley,to as its main food resource.According to the burial mode of the crops in Xiaohe cemetery,the ancestors of Xinjiang used wheat,millet and other crops not only as food,but as a tool for some religious activities.This evolution process reflects the ancestors of Xinjiang to millet,millet,wheat,barley and other crops of the growing habit of understanding,and according to their own way of production to choose the appropriate crops for planting;From millet,millet and wheat,barley and other crops mixed to the local conditions of the choice of planting a single crop or diversity of planting.In the dwelling site part,we classified the living remains of prehistoric people found in Xinjiang.The ancestors in Xinjiang took natural caves as shelters before the Bronze Age(3000 B.C.).In the early Bronze Age(3000 B.C.-2000 B.C.),the ancestors of Xinjiang had the possibility of using processed stones to build buildings.In the middle and late Bronze Age(from 2000 B.C.to 1000 B.C.),three major architectural forms appeared in Xinjiang: stone architecture,wooden architecture,and adobe architecture.In the early Iron Age(1000 B.C.-200 B.C.),stone structures,wooden structures,adobe buildings,yurf-style buildings and diwozi-style buildings appeared in Xinjiang.The xinjiang prehistoric ancestors main geographical environment to select building materials according to their own survival,but also can independently manufacture building materials-adobe,adobe source is different,in different areas of the new site of tara western traditional adobe adobe may have originated from west Asia region,the xinjiang hami basin and turpan basin in the east of adobe can be affected by culture of qinghai region four dam.The architectural form and settlement layout of Xinjiang ancestors were also influenced by the cultural exchanges between the East and the West.In the part of transportation,firstly,the paper sorted out the remains of domestication and utilization of prehistoric horses and camels found in Xinjiang,and analyzed the importance of horses and camels in the development of transportation in Xinjiang.Then comb xinjiang region found in chronological order of archaeological cultural relics,further analysis of xinjiang traffic routes evolution process and its surrounding areas,and analyze the motivation of xinjiang region traffic evolution,according to the different stages is different,generally speaking: the early Bronze Age(3000 BC-2000 BC),the main motivation for migration from the migrant population,the Bronze Age period(2000 BC-1000 BC)for the floating population and xinjiang internal population increase,the early iron age(1000 BC-200 BC),the main motivation for trade.On the basis of combing the evolution process of prehistoric social life in Xinjiang,it summarizes the animal husbandry-based lifestyle in Xinjiang,which provides the main raw materials for the clothing,food and housing of the ancestors in Xinjiang,so the prehistoric social life in Xinjiang has certain similarities.However,the conditions of complex geographical environment in Xinjiang and the influence of various regional cultures in the surrounding areas of Xinjiang on the ancestors of Xinjiang have made the social life of the ancestors of Xinjiang diversified.On the premise of the coexistence of similarity and diversity of social life,it is the formation of’ Western Regions Cultural Community ’ characterized by multicultural integration in Xinjiang.