A Study On The Translation Of Shen In Huangdi Neijing From The Perspective Of Terminology

This thesis is the research on translating cultural terminology.According to the disciplinary characteristics,it can be basically divided into terminology of science and technology and terminology of humanities and social sciences.Terminology of science and technology belongs to a narrow concept in which terms work in a knowledge system,while terminology of humanities and social sciences does not exist naturally,which is a product of the developed human civilization.The form is a short morpheme loaded with rich and profound connotations of philosophy and culture.The characteristics are reflected in abstract and general expression of thoughts.The core lies in the cognition and reaction of human beings viewing the natural world.As the comprehensive generalization of human thinking and consciousness,cultural terms reflect the history and features of different nations.In recent years,with the implementation of Chinese culture going global and the increasing influence abroad,the research on spreading culture with Chinese characteristics has been an important subject in the field of humanities and social sciences.As an interdisciplinary study,terminology does not have a long history.Studies abroad on terminology began in the 1930 s.Internationale Sprachnormung in der Technik,besonders in der Elektrotechnik by Wuster is the first paper and lays the foundation of the Austrian School of Terminology.With the development of technology,other terminological schools like Russian School,Czech School and Canadian School have gradually evolved.Generally speaking,foreign researchers mostly focus on solving the problems of renaming technological terms and rarely pay attention to the translation of cultural terms.Studies at home started relatively late.An Introduction to Modern Terminology by Feng Zhiwei in 1997 is the first monograph and focuses on the basic principles,methods,development,application and personnel training of terminology.Recently,especially under the historical background of Chinese characteristic culture going global in the new era,related studies are increasingly developed.Termbases of the Key Concepts in Chinese Thoughts and Culture has been enriching continuously.Therefore,research on the translation of cultural terms has both theoretical and practical significance.This thesis mainly applies the terminology theory of borrowing and coinage.Borrowing words means that linguistic elements can be transferred from one language to another to express the form and cultural connotation of the source language.Every loan word appears as an innovation,while coinage,also known as coining words or neologism,refers to the coinage and introduction of new words by using the internal resources in one language.It is based on three criteria of brevity,clarity and naturalness.As the first medical classic in Chinese history,Huangdi Neijing is the understanding of human life and the cognition of nature and universe by ancient people,which has profound meanings both in philosophy and culture.Shen,among various cultural terms in Huangdi Neijing,is worthy of exploring.The research divides Shen into four categories: the category of noun,the category of verb-object,the category of adjective and other Shen.This thesis takes Shen as the research object,applies the method of qualitative analysis which combines theoretical interpretation with case study,and analyzes parallel texts of Li Zhaoguo and Paul U.Unschuld to conduct an exploratory research and finally produce a tentative translation by the author.The research shows that borrowing and coinage have different effects on the translation of cultural terms.There are three phases in the process of culture export: the approach of coinage,the combination of borrowing and coinage,the approach of borrowing.Firstly,coinage helps readers widely accept equivalent expressions in the target language.Secondly,the combination of borrowing and coinage can present the linguistic forms of the source language and express the connotations by annotations with the target language.Readers are able to conduct a cultural connection between source language and target language.Thirdly,borrowing can convey the literal and phonetic elements of the source language with the morpheme of the target language.It forces readers to construct cultural cognition directly without the help of annotations.There are four steps in the process of translating cultural terms: terminology collection,terminology analysis,terminology publicity and terminology application.Meanwhile,the produced translations are classified into three types: approved translation,recommended translation and permitted translation.Therefore,Shen can be translated differently and produce specific usage according to terminology theories.This research is of great significance to translation theory and practice.Translating Shen from the perspective of terminology can be used for reference to researching other cultural terms with Chinese characteristics.Moreover,it is conducive to enriching termbases with Chinese characteristics,constructing Chinese School of Terminology,spreading Chinese culture and improving international discourse power.