| Female convict factory is an administration of female convicts which established by British government in colonial Australia.From its establishment,development and abolish,all of this reflect the social and economic development of Australia during the colonial period and the change of British Government’s colonial policy.From 1788 to 1804,British government adopted laissez-faire policy in the management of female convicts,who spread throughout the whole colonial society and had a negative impact on colonial society.In 1804,British government decided to establish female convict factory in New South Wales.However,the British government paid too much attention to its economic functions in the early stage of the development of female convict factory and neglected its management function as female convicts’ administration..Thus,it causes some problems such as the poor condition of female convicts and their adverse impact on colonial society and so on.Nonetheless,it still the beginning of female convicts’ management systematically.The establishment of Parramatta Female Convict Factory is a turning point on female convicts’ administration of British government.Thereafter,the British government has carried out many reforms in the management of female convict factories.By 1854,when the British government stopped exiling female convicts to Australia,the female convict factory had developed into a professional convicts’ management institution.All in all,as an important female convicts’ administration in colonial period,there can be no doubt that it have a great impact on British government,female convicts and colonial society over the half century of its existence.However,as the female convict factories are specific outcome of the particular environment,they were completely abandoned after the abolition of transportation system by the British government in1868.Most of female convict factories were converted into colonial shelters and psychiatric hospitals. |
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