The Research On Zhu Tingzhen’s Poetic Criticism

As a special stage in the history of Chinese poetics,the poetics of the Qing Dynasty is of great significance,so researchers have always attached great importance to it and have achieved many research results.However,general researchers paid more attention to poetics such as Yuan Mei,Ye Xie,and Shen Deqian,while neglecting the late Qing Dynasty.In fact,there were many valuable research results at this stage,such as Liu Xizai,Huang Zunxian,Gong Zizhen,and Wang Guo Wei and others,their poetry theory has a certain contribution and value,and Zhu Tingzhen is also an important poetry theorist that cannot be ignored.For example,the well-known scholar Guo Shaoyu pointed out in the Sequence of Qing Shihua: "The Xiao Yuan Shi Hua is full of insights." And Professor Chen Liangyun further gave it a high evaluation in his Chinese Poetic Criticism History: "The aesthetic creation of poetry is more systematic,such as Zhu Tingzhen’s Xiao Yuan Shi Hua.The theoretical value of this poetry can be compared with Ye Xie’s Yuan Shi." Therefore,this paper focuses on the origin of Zhu Tingzhen’s family studies,the inheritance of his teachers,and two monographs on poetry,Xiao Yuan Shi Hua and Lun Shi,to investigate the formation,theoretical connotation,value significance and limitations of his poetics criticism,in order to give zhu Tingzhen a more accurate positioning in the history of poetics.Based on the above reasons,the structure and content of this paper are as follows:The first chapter focuses on the origin of Zhu Tingzhen’s poetic thoughts and the writing of his two works.On the one hand,through analyzing the influence of zhu’s family tradition,teacher’s inheritance and poetry club activities on Zhu Tingzhen,this paper explores the origin of zhu Tingzhen’s poetic criticism.On the other hand,the time,process and purpose of the formation of his two works,Xiao Yuan Shi Hua and Lun Shi,are the research points to have a further understanding of Zhu Tingzhen’s poetic ideal.The second chapter focuses on the main theoretical connotation of Xiao Yuan Shi Hua.Zhu Carried out an objective analysis on the development of poetry,abandoning the idea of reverence for the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty,and considering the problems in the development of Qing poetry based on the standard of Confucianism.However,in his criticism,yuan Mei’s poetics is the only one to be strongly disregarded.From the analysis of this unusual degree,we can find that Yuan Mei’s poetics has the nature of breaking down the traditional poetics to a large extent,and zhu’s denial is the rebellion of Yuan Mei’s poetics deviating from the traditional poetics.In the face of the malpractice caused by the influence of the late Qing Dynasty,Zhu Tingzhen set the three poetic categories of "impossibility","change" and "true self" as the core,set up the banner of orthodox poetics and advocated the Confucian elegant spirit,hoping to save the depressed atmosphere of traditional poetics and clarify the way for the development of orthodox poetics.The third chapter takes the poetics criticism thought of the Analects of Poetry as the core.On the basis of inheriting Yuan Haowen’s Poems on Poetry,Zhu’s poems on poetry also have creative ideas,and his comments on previous poems are dialectical and inclusive.The combination of poetic quality and personal quality is adopted in the criticism,which not only attaches importance to the poetic quality and strives for innovation,but also pays attention to the spiritual quality of poets.It can be seen that the poetic criticism is rooted in Confucian poetics and advocates the elegant spirit.In addition,Zhu Tingzhen had a strong sense of responsibility for the prosperity of traditional poetics,and his generosity and gallantry represented the spiritual temperament of a generation of Confucian scholars.On the basis of the above analysis,the fourth chapter is to further understand the value of Zhu Tingzhen’s poetics,grasp the influence of zhu Tingzhen’s poetics on the poetry circle of Yunnan in the late Qing Dynasty,and at the same time objectively view the limitations of his poetics thought caused by the factors of The Times,in order to correctly grasp zhu’s positioning in the history of poetics.