A Study On The Phonetic Notations Of Mao Shi Jian And San Li Zhu

Zheng Xuan is a classic master of Confucianism in the Eastern Han Dynasty.He wrote a lot in his life,including "Mao Shi Jian" and "San Li Zhu",which are all well preserved.He lives in the transitional period of phonetic evolution,and his research results are of great value for exploring the evolution of Chinese phonetics from ancient to medieval times.This thesis makes a comprehensive statistics and summary of the phonetic notation of Zheng Xuan’s "Mao Shi Jian" and "San Li Zhu",analyzes its phonetic notation methods,phonetic terminology,and further compares it with the ancient phonology in terms of sound and rhyme.And tone.Explore the voice phenomenon it reflects.There are five parts of Zheng Xuan’s phonetic notes excerpted from the thesis:First,Zheng Xuan’s self-made phonetic notes in "Mao Shi Jian" and "San Li Zhu";second,there are four main phonetic notes from predecessors cited in the notes,namely Du Zichun and Zheng Xing,Zheng Zhong and Zheng Dafu sacrifice to Zhong;third,"Mao Shi" and "San LI" collected by "Jing Dian Shi Wen" Zheng’s phonetic;fourth,different texts with obvious transcription in the annotations;fifth,local dialects and dialects Tone material.There are 1026 cases of the above phonetic annotations,including 138 in "Mao Shi Jian",452 in "Zhou Li Zhu",236 in "Li Ji Zhu",and 200 in "Yi Li Zhu".The main phonetic notation methods used are Bi Ni,Pi Kang,Zhi Yin,Ru Zi,and Fan Qie.There are six commonly used phonetic terms: first,Du Ruo,Du Ru;second,Du Yue,Du Wei;third,Dang Zuo,Dang Wei;fourth,Huo Zuo,Huo Wei;fifth,Sheng Xiang Jin,Yin Xiang Jin,Yin Xiang Si;sixth,Gu Jin Shu,Gu Jin Wen and Gu Jin Zi.The specific phonetic notation forms used by different phonetic notation terms are different.From the perspective of the initials of the annotated characters and the phonetic characters,the phonetic notation of "Mao Shi Jian" and "San Li Zhu" is compared with the ancient phonetic system.The 32 Niu of ancient phonetic sounds are independent,but there is a phenomenon of mixed reading: the Labial initials Bang,Pang,and Bing three Niu mixed with each other;the tongue Duan,Tou and Ding three Niu mixed reading with each other,Duan Zhang,Zhang Chan mixed reading;the Dental sound Jing Cong,Xin Sheng mixed reading;The Tooth sound Jian,Xi,Qun three Niu mixed reading with each other;the guttural sound Xia Ying mixed reading.The mixed reading phenomenon of Initials Niu mostly embodies the characteristics of ancient voices that are not clear and voicing,and do not aspirate.The situation of the labial Bang group and the tongue Duan group is special.Compared with the ancient phonology,the labial sound differentiates,and the light labial sounds are non-native,compressive,bong,and slightly appear;the tongue end,penetrating,and fixed also begin to differentiate,and the tongue sounds are known,Cheng’s second mother appeared.The situation of vowels is similar to that of consonants.The thirty parts of ancient tones are all independent,but there are mixed notes: Yinshengyun You Xiao,You Hou,Zhi Zhi,Ge Yuan,Wen Wei mixed notes;the job of entering the rhyme,You Jue,Xiao Yao,Jue Wu Mixed annotations of,Yu Duo,tin quality,and moon objects;mixed annotations of Yang Shengyun Dong Dong,Yuan Wen,Zhen Wen,Yin Tan.The phenomenon of mixed notes of rhyme parts reflects the relationship of contra-turning,side-turning and tong-turning between rhyming parts.From the perspective of the relationship between tones and rhyme parts,a part of the ancient rusheng characters are sent to each rhyme part.The thesis makes classification statistics based on the five-tone theory of ancient Chinese accents above.Compared with the ancient phonology,the tones of Zheng Xuan’s notes converge: Qusheng merges with the flat sound and the Shangsheng;Changjin merges with the incoming sound;but the three tones of Ping,Shang and Ru are stable.The convergence and differentiation of tones reflects the legacy of ancient tones.