A Study Of Military,Diplomacy,and Politics In The Period Of King Qinzhao

This paper takes the military,diplomacy,and politics in the period of King Qinzhao as the main content,which is divided into four chapters.The first chapter is the situation faced by the Qin before the succession of King Qinzhao,with the development of the Six Kingdoms as the main line.It can be seen that Wei and Han are in a passive situation in their relations with Qin,Zhao and Yan began to rise,Qi’s strength is at the peak and Chu began to weaken.After the reform,Qin seized the opportunity to fight between the strong and the weak,and made it one of the most powerful kingdoms.But it was still limited by Qi,Chu and Zhao.In the second and third chapters,according to the change of military policy,the military,diplomatic and political activities of King Qinzhao are divided into four periods,so as to observe the expansion process and strategy of Qin.The first period is from the first year to the third year of King Qinzhao.King Qinzhao has just ascended the throne,and the domestic situation was unstable.The main achievement of this period is to stabilize the domestic situation.The second period is from the 4th year to the 21 st year of King Qinzhao.During this period,Qin defeated Chu in Nanyang with Qi,Han and Wei,defeated Han and Wei in Yique,and captured Wei’s Hedong area.Qin further opened the eastward route and expanded the military base.The third period was the 22 nd year to the 38 th year of King Qinzhao.Qin planed to attack Qi with other four kingdoms,attacked Wei several times and even the capital,and captured Wu and Qianzhong of Chu.Qi and Chu were completely weak,and it was difficult for them to threaten Qin.Wei also bowed to Qin.Qin cut off the restriction from the East and the threat from the South.The fourth period is the 39 th year to the 56 th year of King Qinzhao.Qin continued to attack Han and Wei,defeated Zhao in Changping,and destroyed Xizhou.Han and Wei became weaker,and the threat of Zhao was eliminated.During this period,Qin made all countries submit and became the only powerful country,which established the absolute advantage of unifying the six kingdoms.The fourth chapter discusses the military policy and internal struggle in the period of King Qinzhao.The first section analyzes two major military policies of King Qinzhao.One policy is to choose officials to join the army.The second policy includes “moving the people in the new territory out”,“pardoning some prisoners and moving them into the new territory” and “attracting one to move into the new territory with a title”.The second section analyzes the power control of King Qinzhao.The third section analyzes the struggle between Fan Sui and Wei Ran.There are three main characteristics of Qin’s military and diplomatic strategy in the period of King Qinzhao.First,combining alliance,inducement and military threat,in order to divide and unite and reduce the enemy.Second,when the opponent’s strength is weaker than Qin,Qin will still attack the opponent repeatedly to avoid the opponent becoming stronger or recovering his strength.Third,for the powerful opponents,Qin will avoid the edge,and then look for opportunities to weaken them.Via this strategy,Qin won many military victories.Compared with before,Qin further opened the passage of western Henan,and occupied the Hedong and upper reaches of the Yangtze River,which laid a military base and provided the routes for the unification of Qin.The threat of Yiqu in the North was eliminated and the rear was stabilized.In the period of King Qinzhao,more than one million people were killed in the eastern countries by Qin,which greatly reduced the effective strength of these countries.Qi,Chu and Zhao were weakened one after another.Han and Wei had an audience with King Qinzhao.In order to guarantee the victory,The Qin has carried out two military policies.The military policies can ensure that Qin could have temporary replenishment of troops after a large number of troops were consumed,and can not only strengthen the control of the new territory,but also provide military support.According to the analysis of the power of King Qinzhao,we can see the monarchical power is not controlled by Queen Mother Xuan and Wei Ran.Before Fan Sui entered Qin,King Qinzhao had already controlled the monarchical power.The struggle between Fan Sui and Wei Ran was the continuation of the issue of relatives,and King Qinzhao played a leading role in it.Therefore,“associate with the distant countries and attack the near ones” has become the basic strategy of Qin,which is of great significance for reunification.