Malformed Modernization: A Study On The Cotton Industry And Modernization Process In Central Asia During The Imperial Russia Period (1867-1917)

Beginning with the establishment of the Governor-General of Turkestan in 1867,Russia finally established its rule in Central Asia in the second half of the 19 th century and incorporated it into the development track of the Russian Empire.In view of the unique climatic conditions and agricultural traditions of Central Asia,Russia began to vigorously develop cotton plantation in Central Asia and gradually specialized it.From the end of the 19 th century to the beginning of the20 th century,the Russian government introduced and promoted new cotton varieties in Central Asia,introduced modern cotton planting technology,invested in the improvement of Central Asian infrastructure,introduced relevant policies and laws,and modern industries related to cotton planting appeared in Central Asia.enterprise.Russia’s development of cotton plantation in Central Asia has promoted the development of the textile industry in Central Asia(and even Russia),and has also become an important link in the process of social and economic transformation and modernization in Central Asia.Russia’s social and economic policies in Central Asia are an important prerequisite and a new starting point for the economic and social development and modernization of Central Asian countries during the Soviet period and even after 1991.This article attempts to discuss the development process of the cotton planting industry in Central Asia during the imperial Russia period,the specific policies and steps implemented by the imperialist government for this purpose,and the socio-economic and socio-political impacts that the imperial Russian government has brought about.It examines and examines the development of cotton planting for the modernization of Central Asia.The impact of the process.