A Study On The Commercial Development Of Sanjin Area During The Warring States Period

The Warring States Period was in a period of great social change,and the rapid development of commerce became its distinctive feature.Han,Zhao and Wei are in the world,with Qin in the west,Chu in the south,Qi in the east,Zhongshan and Yan in the northeast,Linhu and Loufan in the northwest.This is the center of commodity flow and the commercial development is very prosperous.Analyze the commercial development of this place.The situation has certain reference significance for understanding the overall situation of commerce during the Warring States period.From the geographical environment,South Korea has fewer plains and more mountains,making it more suitable for the development of industry and commerce.There are many plains in Wei State,which is more suitable for the development of agriculture.Zhao State is composed of mountains,plateaus and plains,where agriculture,animal husbandry,industry and commerce coexist.From the perspective of traffic conditions,Sanjin is in the world with developed traffic.The land has formed a transportation network centered on Handan-Daliang-Xinzheng,and the waterway has formed a transportation network composed of natural rivers and chasms.Developed transportation makes the princes and states here become logistics transshipment centers.From an economic basis,the Jin Kingdom during the Spring and Autumn Period laid the foundation for the development of agriculture,handicrafts and commerce in the Sanjin area.The commercial prosperity of Sanjin area is mainly manifested in three aspects.First,with the disintegration of the "industrial and commercial food official" system,private merchants increased,and large merchants mainly engaged in smelting iron and boiling salt appeared in the Sanjin area.Second,the development of commerce has strengthened the economic function of the city,and large cities such as "Handan Zhao,Wenzhe Wei,and Xingyang Han" have emerged.These cities are usually political centers and convenient transportation.The "city" is also larger in scale than in the Spring and Autumn Period,and its management is more complete.At the same time,because the border area of Zhao State was in the transition zone with Rongdi,a distinctive "military market" appeared.Third,as the medium of commodity exchange—money is circulating everywhere.Archaeological data show that the commercial cities have a large amount of money in circulation.The areas where the Zhao State currency originated were mainly in Zhongmu,Dai,Jinyang,Jiuyuan,Handan and other places.Wei’s currency was mainly unearthed in Daliang and Hadong,and South Korean currency was mainly unearthed from Xinzheng,Binh Duong,and Shangdang.These cities are usually in convenient transportation and strategically important places,and some cities are the current or former capitals of Sanhan Zhaowei.From the commercial development of the Sanjin area,we can see the social changes at that time.First,land was involved in the field of exchange,which promoted the emergence of land private ownership.Second,the emergence of a social ethos of commercial development promoting money-seeking and profit-seeking has affected the interpersonal relationship at that time,and internally,the traditional form of family organization has been destroyed.From the outside,it has also had an impact on traditional political ethics.Third,commercial development connects all regions,breaks the original closed regional relationship,and provides a social foundation for the autocratic kingship.Commercial taxation has become an important material foundation for supporting the government.However,the development of commerce has seriously affected the agricultural economy,and the policy of emphasizing agriculture and restraining business has begun to emerge.In addition,the commercial development of the Sanjin area is also different from other vassal states.First,the Sanjin area is famous in the vassal states for its unique "Zheng Weizhi" and "Handan Prostitutes",and it sells music and dance as commodities.Second,the Sanjin area is adjacent to Rongdi.Because of its special geographical location,the Sanjin area often trades with ethnic minorities.Third,the Sanjin area is rich in copper resources.The geographical position in the world makes wars frequent here,the folk customs are martial arts,and the weapon casting technology is very developed,which makes the weapon manufacturing industry here very developed.Fourth,the rich pool salt resources in Hedong area and the developed pool salt trade are one of the characteristics of commercial development in the Sanjin area.Fifth,the Sanjin area is the birthplace of the thought of emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce.Because of its special geographical location and the national conditions of the poor,the thought of emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce has little influence on the Sanjin area.The business thoughts here are mainly represented by Bai Gui’s "optimistic and time-changing" business philosophy,Shang Yang’s thoughts of focusing on agriculture and restraining business,and Xunzi’s business thoughts of coexistence of affirmation and restriction.The commercial development of the Sanjin area has its unique regional characteristics as well as the overall characteristics of the Warring States period.From the development of commerce in Sanjin area,we can get a glimpse of the prosperity of commerce during the Warring States Period.