Study On The Bank Of Hubei Province During The Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War

In September 1937,the Anti-Japanese War broke out in an all-round way.In order to preserve its strength,various agencies and factories along the coast moved inward.The National Government also moved to Wuhan at the end of 1937.For a while,Wuhan became the national political and economic center with frequent financial activities.But the good times did not last long.In October 1938,Wuhan fell.In response to the crisis,the Hubei Provincial Government made a decisive decision to move westward.The Hubei Provincial Bank also moved inland to the Enshi area and continued to conduct business in the rear to help the local economy.As the only financial institution that moved westward to Enshi with the provincial government after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,"adjusting local finance and assisting local construction" is the unchanging original intention and mission of the Hubei Provincial Bank.In order to accomplish this mission,the provincial bank has continuously explored reasonable operating models,and has reorganized and changed capital,organization,system,and personnel,in order to integrate into the economic construction of the Kuomintang Controlled Area in the rear.In the course of its own development and evolution,Hubei Provincial Bank has continued to expand its strengths through several capital increases and reorganizations,revised its regulations several times,adjusted its basic business,and realized the transformation to a scientific system;in the economic construction of the Kuomintang-controlled area during the war,Expansion of the business scope,the provincial bank and the local government cooperated to complete the auxiliary establishment of the rear financial network,and communicated the finance and exchanges of various places;under the guidance of the national economic policy,the provincial bank actively carried out the cooperation in the province through the trust department.The purchase and transportation of tung oil,cotton supply,tea production,and grain purchases,and other businesses,and the provincial government jointly assumed the important task of material coordination and distribution,in order to accumulate strength to support the war of resistance;in the rear rural economic construction,the Hubei Provincial Bank cooperated with the local government and the local government.The Farmers Bank of China jointly handled agricultural loans from the rear and the theater and prepared for the construction of a cooperative treasury,saving the rural economy that was on the verge of bankruptcy;in the construction of the rear people’s livelihood economy,Chairman Chen Cheng issued the outline of the "New Hubei" construction plan,in order to actively respond to the policy and fulfill With the concept of "serving the people’s livelihood",the provincial bank also handles salt business accordingly,implements dictation of salt to supply people’s food,and cooperates with the provincial government to establish a private society and a supply office for affordable goods to protect the daily lives of the people during the war.,To maintain the prices in the rear Kuomintang Control Area within a reasonable range,and work together to build a veritable "New Hubei".In this process,the Hubei Provincial Bank completed the transition from the auxiliary role of adjusting finance before the war to the pivotal role of assuming the financial business of the Kuomintang-controlled area during the war,in order to realize the pivotal role of the anti-Japanese war and the founding of the country.As an independent local financial institution,Hubei Provincial Bank does not have much research on it in academia.This article strives to break through the traditional economic research perspective,starting from a sociological perspective,linking the development and evolution of the Hubei Provincial Bank with the regional economy in the Hubei Province’s rear Kuomintang Control Area during the war,using a single institution as the entry point.The research method uses the abundant original archives in the archives of Hubei Province as the basis for argumentation,and then uses the relevant knowledge of statistics to analyze and collect evidence from a large amount of data in the archives,so as to respect historical materials and discuss historical findings,and then reveal the history of Hubei during the war.