A Study Of New HSK Verb Classification Based On Chinese Valence Theory

In the process of teaching and learning Chinese as a foreign language,vocabulary learning is a very basic and important link.We can know from the reformed new HSK test that,in the process of proposition,the new HSK test carries out precise control in terms of vocabulary selection and use.In terms of vocabulary use,both the quantity and range are strictly adopted according to the corresponding level in the syllabus.Therefore,the study of Chinese vocabulary is an indispensable part in the promotion and preparation of the new Chinese proficiency test.However,there are many types and meanings of verbs in Chinese and they are flexible in use.As a result,when students study and teachers teach different kinds of verbs,there will be confusion to some extent.Based on the verbs in HSK vocabulary,this paper uses the theory of valency grammar to analyze the verbs.It is hoped that students and teachers can have a clearer understanding of the characteristics of verbs when preparing for exams and teaching relevant content by means of valence matching.The author finds that the research and application of the valence theory in China are still insufficient compared with those in foreign countries.Although many linguists have realized that this theory has a strong ability to explain grammar and is suitable for Chinese research,in general,this theory has not been well applied in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Therefore,valence grammar is still a new theory in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.This article through to new HSK verb valence analysis,in order to make better understanding of the international Chinese language teachers of valence grammar at the same time,can find valence grammar plays an important part in Chinese teaching,help the teachers and Chinese language teaching especially the quality of teaching and learning of Chinese verb teaching and at the same time,the problems in some Chinese grammar phenomena provide new solutions and ideas.When using valence grammar to analyze,we should first make clear the determination of the verb "valence".Therefore,for the determination of the verb "valence",this paper mainly adopts two ways alternately.The first method is to reduce the sentence in which the verb is located by deletion method according to the concept of minimum semantic structure,so as to determine the semantic components that the verb can be associated with.The second one is based on the inevitable component that appears simultaneously in the verb structure.It uses the form of interrogative question to ask the verb in the sentence,and determines the "valence" of the verb according to the number of answers.According to the statistics,the distribution of new HSK verbs is as follows: 233 univalent verbs and 1247 bivalent verbs and 215 trivalent verbs.On the whole,in the new HSK vocabulary verb vocabulary,the number of bivalent verbs occupies a large proportion.In practical use and study,the valence forms of bivalent verbs are flexible and the related variants are complex,which should be paid special attention to when students study and teachers teach Chinese.At the same time,compared with the traditional grammatical classification,the verb valence classification is more detailed and comprehensive,which is conducive to the foreign students to distinguish and identify different verbs.In learning,students can learn and memorize through the corresponding "valence" of verbs.When learning special sentence patterns,they can teach special sentence patterns without learning all the vocabulary.