Analysis Of The Man-earth Relationship In Haidai Area In Bronze Age Based On Historical And Cultural Sites

The study of man-land relationship is an important research topic in modern geography.Many scholars at home and abroad have studied it.Most of them use the site location information or area information combined with GIS to analyze,and then combine with the elements of geographical environment to analyze.On the basis of historical and cultural sites,this paper analyzes the man-land relationship in the Bronze Age Haidai area.Using GIS as the research method,this paper attempts to establish the information system database of the historical and cultural sites in the Bronze Age Haidai area;By analyzing the nuclear density value of the sites,this paper studies the temporal and spatial distribution law of the historical and cultural sites,and tries to explain the reasons after obtaining the change law of the sites,so as to make a preliminary analysis of the man land relationship in the Bronze Age Haidai area.Multi distance spatial clustering analysis is added to support the results of kernel density analysis.As for the analysis of the man-land relationship,it mainly analyzes the influence of man on land and land on man,and analyzes the influence of land on man.This paper uses digital terrain analysis,buffer analysis and spatial overlay analysis to analyze the influence of elevation,slope,aspect,river buffer,soil type and Holocene climate on the distribution of historical and cultural sites in the study period;This paper analyzes the impact of human on the earth,discusses the impact of ancient human activities on the geographical environment by using qualitative and quantitative analysis,and analyzes the impact of ancient human bronze smelting,transportation development,water conservancy project construction and agricultural development on the geographical environment.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)As time goes on,the nuclear density of historical and cultural sites increases,and the density of sites increases,from the single core and loose distribution pattern of sites in Xia Dynasty to the three cluster settlement patterns in Warring States period.The number and concentration of the sites are significantly increased.The results of multi distance spatial clustering analysis are consistent with the results of kernel density analysis,and the clustering degree of sites is strengthened.(2)Based on the study of natural environment and site distribution,it is found that the activity track of ancient human gradually spread to the area with higher altitude and steeper slope;in the development of site distribution,the number of sites in the tidal soil distribution area increased,and the ancient human began to migrate to the area with poor soil fertility;the number of sites in the south slope direction was the largest,indicating that the light and heat conditions also affected the life of ancient human.The number of sites within 1～3km from the river is the largest,which indicates that the best place for ancient people to live is the moderate distance from the river;the climate of Holocene gradually tends to be dry and cold,but the living space of ancient people gradually expands to high altitude areas,which indicates that the ability of ancient people to overcome the environment is gradually strengthened.(3)Research on the influence of ancient human activities on geographical environment.In the study of the impact of bronze smelting on the environment,it was found that the content of Cu and Pb in the sample(0 point)exceeded the screening value of soil pollution risk of agricultural land;According to the carbon 14 dating results of beta laboratory in the United States,there is a 95.4% probability that the fourth layer of K point is in the Warring States period(in this study period),which also verifies the archaeological experts’ judgment of the age at 0 point;Taking the fourth layer of K point as the original point and the result of staggered layer as the correction layer,the spatial diffusion of elements in the correction layer is studied.It is found that the diffusion of elements in the southwest direction is obviously different from that in the northeast direction.The diffusion of elements in the Northeast Southwest direction is obviously higher than that in the northwest southeast direction,and there is a trend of elements in the 0 point to the north;The vertical direction has a decreasing trend to the upper and lower layers.In addition,human activities such as transportation development,water conservancy engineering and agricultural development will also have large or small impacts on the geographical environment,and have negative impacts on the species and quantity of organisms,water environment,vegetation coverage,water and soil resources.After the overall analysis,the last chapter summarizes two balance models of man land relationship,one is the dynamic balance model between environmental carrying capacity and population,the other is the balance model of human civilization development regulating man land relationship.The second mode holds that in the process of modern urbanization,we should enhance the "resilience" of human society and strengthen the construction of "resilient" cities.The state should strengthen risk and safety assessment,build pre control emergency infrastructure,establish regional linkage mechanism,stimulate the subjective initiative of the masses,and form a diversified defense system.