| The research on Hobbes’ political philosophy has never been interrupted since ancient times,because its discussion on the theory of human nature,natural law and national legal system integrates the previous theories and conforms to the actual political practice,and draws the blueprint of the operation of the national machine,which has become the focus of later scholars’ Research on Hobbes’ philosophy.In contrast,Hobbes’ philosophy of objects,that is,natural philosophy with "objects" as its object,was once forgotten by the academic circle.On the one hand,its mechanical materialism is slightly inferior to the natural philosophy of Descartes,Spinoza and others.On the other hand,compared with its natural philosophy,Hobbes’ political philosophy is too brilliant and has a far-reaching influence on later generations.Moreover,his research on political philosophy is self-contained and does not need to be based on his natural philosophy.However,as a typical mechanist,Hobbes calls his philosophical system a "trilogy" philosopher.In order to deepen the study of Hobbes’ political philosophy,we must have a profound analysis of his philosophy of objects,just as the research context of Spinoza’s philosophy changes from ontology to ethics,Only when the philosophy of objects is studied systematically,can the theoretical study of "man-made objects" have a more solid foundation.Therefore,this paper will study the whole content of Hobbes’ philosophy of objects,aiming at briefly expounding its theoretical background,deeply exploring the concrete expression of Hobbes’ mechanistic stand in his political philosophy,and analyzing the theory of natural law,the theory of human rights and the theory of human rights The mechanical materialism in the state theory and religious view and the inevitable contradiction in the implementation of the mechanical theory in the social and political field,in order to correctly treat Hobbes’ critical object philosophy and its relationship with political philosophy.The first part discusses the origin of Hobbes’ mechanistic tradition and analyzes the theoretical origin of Hobbes’ mechanistic tendency.Democritus and Aristotle,as the representatives of ancient Greek mechanical theory,had an obvious influence on modern mechanical view of nature;In the process of the debate with Descartes,Hobbes also partly absorbed and extended Descartes’ s mechanical thought.The second part mainly expounds the main content of the philosophy of objects,focusing on the basic principles of its philosophy of objects and its close relationship with epistemology;The third part,based on the background and origin of his political philosophy,discusses the specific application of the basic principles of object philosophy in the field of social politics,and expounds the basic concepts of political philosophy on the basis of object philosophy,including the theory of natural state and the theory of social contract;Under the influence of mechanism,regarding the natural law as the basic law in the field of social morality leads to Hobbes’ contradiction in religious issues;The fifth part is a comprehensive analysis of Hobbes’ philosophy of objects based on the full text.It summarizes the inevitable contradictions caused by the defects of mechanics and the contents contrary to the theory of philosophy of objects,so as to face up to the position of Hobbes’ natural philosophy in the whole modern philosophy and provide a new perspective for the overall study of his philosophy. |
