The Construction Of Japanese Horse Administration And Its Overseas Colonial Activities In Modern Japan

The term "Horse administration" has a long history.It generally refers to the government’s management system for the herding,procurement,training,and use of official horses in the era of cold weapons in traditional society.In the cold weapon era,horses played an important role in the military due to their speed,agility,and great endurance.They were an important part of the ancient cavalry,and they were also important transportation vehicles for carrying grain,grass and weapons in ancient wars.The important status of horses in ancient military affairs can also be seen in ancient idioms.The idioms describing wars are mostly related to horses,such as shining spears and armoured horses,thousands upon thousands of horses and soldiers,gallop across the battlefield and so on.In addition to occupying an important position in the military,horses are also widely used in agricultural production and transportation.In modern times,with the development of science and technology,Horse administration has been challenged unprecedentedly.The mechanization of military equipment has weakened the position of horse in military affairs.However,judging from the number of horses used in several major wars in modern times,horses are still an indispensable and important resource in wars.In modern times,Japan learned from Western countries in various fields,and of course it also included learning from Western countries such as France and Germany,which have developed horse administration.The construction of horse administration in Japan is a long process.In the early Meiji period,the horse administration was not attached great importance,nor was there a comprehensive and systematic horse administration plan.It was not until Japan launched the Sino-Japanese War of1894-1895 that it discovered the importance of the horse in the battlefield and it gradually paid attention to the construction of horse administration.Judging from the reasons why Japan began to attach importance to horse administration,the construction of horse administration in modern Japan had the color of imperialist military expansion from the beginning.And a major feature of modern Japanese horse administration is that the Japanese army was highly involved in the entire horse administration construction process,and in the later stage of the horse administration construction it directly served the national defense and military.Recognizing that the destrier is an important tool for launching external expansion wars and determining the victory or defeat of wars,Japan not only carried out horse administration construction in its own country,but also vigorously promoted horse administration activities in its overseas colonies of Taiwan,Korea,Sakhalin Island and Northeast China.Of course,its purpose is to plunder the horse resources of the colony and enrich Japan’s military horse resources to serve the war of foreign expansion.In Japan’s overseas horse administration activities,especially the investigation and plunder of horse resources in Northeast China are the most serious.Japanese horse administration in modern times is composed of Japan’s domestic horse administration and Japan’s overseas horse administration.Japan’s overseas horse administration has supplemented the shortage of domestic horse resources and played an important role in Japan’s external expansion.This paper is divided into three parts: introduction,text and conclusion.The first part is the introduction,mainly narrating the research objects and the significance of the topic,introducing the current research status at home and abroad,and proposing its own innovations and deficiencies.The second part is the main text,which consists of the second,third,fourth and fifth chapters.The second chapter mainly describes the process of Japanese horse administration construction,and outlines the changes of Japanese horse administration institutions and the formulation and implementation of horse administration plans,with emphasis on the construction of horse administration bureaus and the effects of horse administration plans.The third chapter mainly describes Japan’s horse administration activities in northeast China before the September 18 th Incident.It mainly summarizes Japan’s investigation of horse resources in Northeast China in the early period of occupation and the horse administration plan after the establishment of the Kwantung Office and The General Headquarters of Kwantung Army.The fourth chapter briefly describes Japan’s horse administration activities in North Korea.The fifth chapter describes Japan’s horse politics activities in Taiwan and Sakhalin Island.The third part is the conclusion,which summarizes the content of the main text.Modern Japan began to realize the importance of horses,and put a lot of money and energy into the construction of horse administration.The whole process revolves around the demand of army and horse in the war.The formulation and revision of the horse administration plan,the establishment and change of the horse administration organization and other measures related to the horse administration construction are related to the war launched by Japan,such as Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,Russo-Japanese War and so on,which directly promoted the pace of the horse administration construction of Japan.All in all.The main purpose of Japan’s horse administration at home and in the colonies is to meet the needs of the army and horses to serve the war.Modern Japanese horse administration is a tool for its external expansion.