Rosa Luxemburg’s "Spontaneity" Thought And Its Historical Destiny

Rosa Luxemburg is a Marxist thinker and one of the few outstanding female revolutionary fighters.She had a firm belief.strong will,and fearless sacrifice.Lenin called her the "eagle of revolution" fighting the sky.The academic circles have received mixed reviews on Luxembourg’s thought,but as one of the important concepts of Luxembourg’s political theory,"spontaneity" is a main clue that runs through Luxembourg’s important works.In recent years,although the academic circles have increasingly diversified the study of Luxembourg’s thought,there is a lack of systematic elaboration on the concept of "spontaneity".This article starts with the background of the formation of "spontaneous" thinking,and includes not only the theoretical premises for the formation of "spontaneous" thinking,but also its practical premises.On the one hand,the profound connotation of "spontaneity" is seen from the three texts:the report prepared in the name of the editorial office of "Workers’Cause" is the first to put forward the idea of "spontaneity","The Organizational Problem of the Russian Social Democratic Party" is the reappearance of the concept of "spontaneity" and "The Mass Strike.the Party and the Trade Union" is an in-depth exposition of this idea.On the other hand,the concept of "spontaneity" is dismantled from three aspects:the spontaneous nature of mass strikes transformed the movement from a partial action into a massive resistance movement,awakening the class sentiment and class consciousness of the proletariat,and as a fuse igniting and giving birth to a series of mass movements.These mass movements are beyond the organization of political parties.Going a step further,we can understand Luxembourg’s "spontaneity" from a dialectical perspective.The concept of"spontaneity" includes the four pairs of dialectical relationships of masses and parties,objectivity and subjectivity,inevitability and contingency,and self-concentration and spontaneity.Finally,by analyzing the historical rise and fall of Luxembourg’s"spontaneity" and the theoretical and political reasons behind it,as well as the opportunities arising from its rise in the 1970s and 1980s,it provides a theoretical reference for my country’s socialist construction.