Research On QianLing County "Shao Nei" In Qin Dynasty

According to Liye Qin Bamboo Slips,QianLing County Shaonei is in charge county-level finance and implements.As local official,the rank of QianLing County Shaonei is Youzhi.Its status is higher than Lingzuo and Lingshi and is as same as other county-level agency officers such as Cang,Field Officer and Ku.QianLing County Shaonei institution sets Shaonei officer,Shaoneizuo and Shi.“Shaonei someone” is the authorized Shaonei officer in Qin Ling County,who is called Shaoneisefu.By analysis and induction,to be Shaoneisefu are generally senior Linshi or other Gu ansefu,especially other Guansefu,at least having the experience of acting relatively important county-level agency officers such as Cang,Si Kong,Field Officer and Township.After dimission,they often serve as other Guansefu or act the Deputy Governor.“Shaoneishou someone” and “Jiashaonei” are arranged by county as the assistants of Shaoneisefu when Shaoneisefu goes out for some time or its position is vacant.And to be Shaoneishou must be Lingshi(Lingzuo)or other Guansefu.QianLing County officials often have official business,with few officials staying at QianLing County,county magistrate will promote Guanzuo to Jialingshi or directly promote to Jiashaonei,making them having qualification for acting Shaonei affairs or executing Shaoneisefu power.According to the Liye Qin Bamboo Slips,referring to other related information,QianLing County Shaonei’s specific functions can be divided into five points.First,receiving fodder and stalking tax money and household tax.Every year Shaonei hands up tax money to enrich national treasury.Second,receiving or paying bounty and fine.The people unable to repay fine are supposed to do enforced work to compensate for the money arranged by Si Kong.Shaonei only needs to coordinate with Si Kong.Third,bargaining transaction.The selling goods include tiger meat that county people aquire,surplus white bird’s feathers,cloth and so on,and the buying goods include Tuli’s clothing,Sow Cang needs and so on.Shaonei is also the main institution of buying Tuli.Fourth,materials management.Every year,Shaonei is commanded to check implements and report the details to the County.The implements stored in Shaonei are mainly silks,woodware and weights and measures.Under county magistrate’s instruction,Shaonei is also responsible for checking implements of Ku and other county-level institutions.Fifth,Shaonei is responsible for supervising delivered Luli,receiving and transporting the money consuming clothing.Judging from its basic fuctions,when Shaonei engages in money trade,QianLing County officer must send Lingshi(Lingzuo)to supeivise.And whatever money trade or implements trade,at last,Shaonei need to hand in trading certificates and report the details to the County.The study of QianLing County Shaonei makes sense to the discussion of the nature of Qin Shaonei.On the basic of predecessors’ study,using Liye Qin Bamboo Slips and other datas,this paper discusses the nature of Qian Shaonei from three aspects: the relationship between Shaonei and Jinbu in QianLing County;the relationship of QianLing Shaonei,Danei and Neishi;No Shaonei in the Qin central government.As the county-level institution,QianLing County Shaonei has certain decision-making power,but its business is under the County’s jurisdiction and supervision.Shaonei also has no right to contact with other county institutions.At present,all the correspondence between QianLing County Shaonei and the County is received and handled by Jinbu Cao Lingshi.As the County-Ting,Jinbu is probably the specialized organization responsible for docking with Shaonei.The County reporting administrative achievement is that each Lie Cao Lingshi calculates relevant data of its corresponding county institutions to make calculated book.The County Shaonei don ’t need to dock with the center financial institution directly.If the County has business with Danei or Neishi of the center,only the County are allowed.At present,there is no authentic evidence to prove that Qin dynasty sets the center Shaonei.