A Study On The Acquisition Of First Level Vowels By Costa Rican Zero Basic Chinese Learners

Since Costa Rica established diplomatic relations with China in 2007,Chinese language teaching has developed rapidly in schools of all levels in the country.The primary schools of carmen lyra international school where the author works also offer Chinese language courses in all grades.This project will take the Chinese phonetic learning of the primary school students with zero basic Chinese as an example,collect,sort out and analyze the Chinese language learning in the fourth,fifth and sixth grades of the primary school with the help of Praat software based on the speech data of the first level vowels,and using the theory of vowel pattern,interlanguage,learning transfer,perceptual analogy model.This paper discusses various problems encountered by Costa Rican Chinese learners in the process of Chinese speech learning,and puts forward corresponding teaching suggestions.The article is mainly divided into the following parts.The first part is the introduction part,which introduces the research background,theoretical basis,research object,research content,research methods,etc.The second part compares and analyzes the vowel system of Chinese and Spanish and the first level vowels of two languages,and obtains the similarities and differences between the two languages’ vowel system and the first level vowels.The third part is the main part of the article,which includes the third chapter and In the fourth chapter.First we introduce how to use Praat software to carry out acoustic experiments on the first level vowels of Chinese and Spanish of the fourth,fifth and sixth grade students in Carmen Lyra international school,then compare the first level vowel pattern of Chinese and Spanish,and analyze Carmen Lyra international school students in Costa Rica learn Chinese first level vowels and the main problems in the learning process.It is concluded that the acquisition order of Chinese first level vowels for Costa Rican zero basic students is //、//、//、//、//、/(?)/、/(?)/、/(?)/.The fourth part is to use various theories of second language acquisition to analyze the deviation caused by Costa Rican Chinese learners learning Chinese first level vowels.The main causes of the errors are the negative transfer of mother tongue,the difference of auditory perception and spoken language,and the misleading caused by the rules of Chinese Pinyin,etc.The last part is the conclusion of the article.