The Study On “V+N” Disyllabic Verbs

The “V+N” disyllabic verb,which is a disyllabic verb composed of “verbal morpheme + nominal morpheme”,accounts for 34.1% of all verbs,second only to “V+V” disyllabic verb,showing a high research value.This paper will take 1463 “V+N” disyllabic verbs included in the Modern Chinese Dictionary(7th Edition)as the research object,using the research methods of combination in synchronic and diachronic,description and interpretation,analysis and synthesis and others,combined with related theories of semantics,vocabulary,and cognitive linguistics to describe and analyze such words from 5 perspectives: internal structure,semantic characteristics,syntactic function,cognitive mechanism,and semantic interpretation path.First,analyze the lexical structure,internal semantics and grammatical functions of such words.According to the semantic relationship between verbal morpheme and nominal morpheme,these words can be divided into two categories: predicate-object and attributive.According to the internal semantic characteristics,the semantics of the verb morpheme can be divided into 5 categories: physical action,psychological activity,daily life,social activity,and movement change;the semantics of the noun morpheme can be divided into 4 categories: biology,concrete objects,abstract things,and space-time.The relationship between the morpheme meaning and the verb meaning includes two types: the morpheme meaning is merged into the verb meaning;the morpheme meaning is combined into the verb meaning,of which the former accounts for the majority(61.65%).In terms of grammatical functions,these words generally do not carry an object,and can be used as predicate,subject,object,attributive and adverbial in a sentence.They are generally not modified by the adverb “no”,and are not modified by the degree adverb “very”,and can not be suffixed with “zhe,le,guo”.Secondly,explore the cognitive mechanism of such words,mainly including two types of metaphor mechanism and metonymy mechanism.Metaphor mechanism is based on similarity and involves 3 categories: structural metaphor,orientation metaphor and ontology metaphor;metonymy mechanism is based on proximity and involves 11 categories: whole and parts ICM,constitution ICM,event ICM,category ICM,action ICM,perception ICM,causation ICM,production ICM,possession ICM,control ICM and location ICM.Finally,generalize the semantic interpretation path of such words.It mainly includes 3 paths: “combination + metaphor”,“combination + metonymy”,“combination + metaphor + metonymy”.Based on the above research,the article examines the “V+N” disyllabic verb.Revealing its internal word-forming rules and cognitive processes will help advance the application research of compound words.