The Process And Teaching Revelation Of Primary Listening Comprehension Of Chinese As A Foreign Language From The Perspective Of The Schema Theory

In the process of primary listening comprehension of Chinese as a foreign language,learners’ listening comprehension of speech materials is the result of the interaction between background knowledge and language knowledge.The schema is the cognitive structure or knowledge structure that exists in human memory.It is the cognitive structure of the individual’s knowledge of things,people or the environment.It can help people simplify reality and process new information.Therefore,the schema theory plays a certain guiding role in the teaching of primary listening comprehension of Chinese as a foreign language.The schema theory can be divided into language schema,content schema,form schema,and strategy schema.The information processing model can be divided into top-down model,bottom-up model,and interactive model.Based on the educational experiment method and the vocal thinking method,foreign students in China with similar backgrounds are taken as the experimental group,assuming that the students’ learning strategies and motivations are similar.Applying the three models of corpus information processing and schema theory in linguistics,the writer tries to compare the different teaching results of the traditional teaching method and the schema theory teaching method on listening comprehension.On the basis of schema theory,teachers can deduce the process of information processing in the black box of the learners’ mind based on the information that learners express in their vocal thinking,including hesitations,pauses as well as the length and position of pauses,the correction of self-discourse,the content and location of processing errors,and other characteristics of information processing.From this,we can understand the students’ original schema and their language developing level in order to adopt an individualized approach in multi-dimensional teaching.By activating students’ language schema,content schema and form schema,teachers can lead them to dialogue and enhance their construction of schemas,and in addition,on this basis,the weak parts of students can be analyzed,the timing of schema teaching can be found,and the teaching modes and methods of primary listening comprehension in its different teaching stages can be enlightened,so that the a more effective Chinese teaching process can be achieved.