| Previous behavioral experiments have confirmed that insight can promote the memory and explored the mechanism of memory promotion from the perspective of positive emotional experience,extensive activation of information(deep processing)and novel and valuable information association.In the solution of idiom problems,there are competitions between novel associations and simple associations.The competition of associations is not only the key to affecting the solution of idiom problems,but also affect each other’s memory effects as mutual interference factors.However,there is no research to explore the effect of associate competition in insight on promoting memory.Therefore,this research will carry out two eye-movement experiments to explore the role of competition of associations in the promotion of memory in Chinese idioms and riddles.Experiment 1 uses the answer selection paradigm and eye tracking technology to study the effect of competition of associations on long-term memory of riddle answers.The experiment is divided into a learning phase and a memory test phase three days later.In the learning stage,Chinese idiom riddles are used as experimental materials.Each idiom riddle question will be equipped with four alternative answers,which are novel answer,simple answer and two unrelated answers.The one-factor two-level in-subject design was used.The independent variables were the types of idiom riddle answers selected by the subjects.They were divided into novel association conditions and simple association conditions.The dependent variables are the percentage and response time of choosing novel answers and simple answers,and the fixation time for various types of alternative answers.In the memory test phase,the same idiom riddle questions were asked to choose the answers selected during the learning phase.And further determine whether the reason for the choice is remember,familiar or guess.Record the participants’correct recall rate under two conditions(It is divided into correct recall and false recall according to whether the answers selected in the test phase and the answers selected in the learning phase are consistent).The study found that:(1)The recall accuracy rate under the novel association condition is significantly higher than the simple association condition,the ratio of "remember" is significantly higher than that of simple association condition,and the ratio of "familiar" and "guess" is significantly lower than that of simple association condition;(2)The IA dwell time under the novel association condition is significantly longer than the simple association condition.In the dwell time on the interference interest area,the novel association condition is significantly shorter than the simple association condition;(3)There is no significant difference between the novel connection and the simple association condition in the first-pass reading time of the target area of interest.The selective regression path reading time and the regression time were both significantly longer in the novel association condition than in the simple association condition.Experiment 2 explores the impact of associations competition on the short-term memory of riddle answers.The difference from Experiment 1 is that there is a "minus three" interference task with an interval of 1 minute between learning and testing,and the others are the same.The study found that:(1)The recall accuracy rate under the novel association condition is significantly higher than the simple association condition,the ratio of "remember" is significantly higher than that of simple association under the condition of novel association,and there is no significant difference between the ratio of"familiar" and "guess" between the condition of novel association and simple association;(2)The IA dwell time under the novel association condition is significantly longer than the simple association condition.In the dwell time on the interference interest area,the novel association condition is significantly shorter than the simple association condition;(3)The first-pass reading time and the selective regression path reading time of the target interest area were both significantly longer than the simple association condition under the novel association condition.In the regression time,there was no significant difference between the novel and simple association conditions.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Insight promotes both long-term memory and short-term memory.And in terms of memory accuracy,the advantages of long-term memory are more obvious;(2)Novel association condition will pay more attention than simple association condition on the target area of interest and suppress fixation on the main interference area of interest.As a result,insight has a better memory effect than non-insight. |
