The Ethical Research On Dwelling Need In The Classic Works Of Marx And Engels

"Dwelling need" refers to people’s tendency to live in a place for a long time and also refers to people’s desire and requirements for living.Dwelling is an important dimension of people in the "life world"."Residence" is not only concerned with people’s possession of space,but also shows the essential power of people.It is also people’s living experience and living appearance in real life.It is an important way to understand and grasp the living practice and living situation of real people.Living is essentially an object activity of human beings.Heidegger once pointed out that "the relationship between man and space is to live".As one of the primary daily life of human behavior,in certain non-dwelling space and dwelling space,people weave a life web full of life value and significance.In the non-dwelling space,human beings carry out production practices necessary to sustain life,projecting needs and injecting emotions into it to keep people connected,experience the joy of life and highlight people’s value appeal.In the dwelling space,human beings carry on the reflection,the self-thinking consciousness and maintaining the interpersonal relationship between relatives and shapes people’s sense of belonging.In view of this,dwelling is the basic demand of real people and the main way to expand life and realize the meaning of life.Dwelling plays a crucial role in shaping human nature and forming moral consciousness.Man realizes the self-confirmation of his essence by living in it.It can be seen that the dwelling need is the inner reflection of the living good life need.There is a great deal of discussion about the dwelling need in the classic works of Marx and Engels.Marx and Engels in the criticism of religious theology,naturalism and rationalism deeply analyzes the three connotations of labor,sociality and need about the nature of human beings.Among them,labor is the free and conscious activity that the person is engaged in material production in order to maintain the basic mode of production that life need.Social relationship is an inevitable connection between people in production,exchange,division of labor and other activities,which reflects people’s sociality.Human needs transcend the low level of physiological need and the need for species continuation of animals that merely maintain the normal functioning of life activities.Among them,there are certain internal relations and essential stipulations between human need,labor and social relations.In the development of human history,Marx first pointed out that the premise for people to "make history" is to be able to live,so they need food,clothing,shelter and other material materials.Starting from the needs of human beings,Marx argued that the need of human beings are the driving force for the development and maintenance of human life,that is "their need are their nature".Unlike the need of other beings,human need are "conscious need" that develop into socially conscious need.The development of the essential view of human need is an active promoting effect on human labor and social relations.With the diversity of modes of production,the need of human beings show a complex and developing trend,which is also determined by the developing social relations of human beings.In the communist society,the need of human beings reflects the essence of human beings at a higher stage,and becomes a higher need to realize the free and comprehensive development of everyone.There are four main aspects of the dwelling need in the classic works of Marx and Engels.The first is material needs realized by human nature,which is the basic physiological need for the production of material materials and the continuation and development of life forms.The second is the psychological need of the realization of human essence,which is to attach importance to the correct development direction of human essence and the safety need of the basic moral standard of the harmony between human and nature.Third implementation of social need,human nature is to insist on loyalty,cooperation and mutual assistance between people,peace,and the sharing of social need and respect.The spiritual need of the realization of the essence is the self-actualization need of the ideal living state of the society based on Marx’s humanitarianism.The classic works of Marx and Engels on dwelling need aims to include the "dwelling need" that show people in their daily life to meet the basic living conditions.In an certain non-dwelling space and living space to give people material and spiritual double guarantee function of the "settled need",and in the non-dwelling space and dwelling space to maintain a good relationship between the development of the "good dwelling need".To achieve the state of free and comprehensive development of the people "happy dwelling need".As a thinker with the people as the core and full of humanitarian care ethics,in his classic works,Marx and Engels’ ethical thoughts on dwelling need still have realistic enlightenment and value to solve the housing problem."Dwelling need" is not only an economic issue,but also a moral issue concerning people’s life ethics,people’s livelihood ethics,governance ethics,social ethics and national revival ethics.Nowadays,with the acceleration of urbanization,a series of problems have arisen from dwelling,such as the alienation of "dwelling",mortgage slave and no dwelling,which makes dwelling anxiety become an important aspect of people’s anxiety.Therefore,it is necessary to return to the classic works to explore and excavate the ethical connotation of dwelling needs,and clarify the development law of human needs and the inter-relationship of dwelling.On the one hand,based on the detailed theory study of the Marx and Engels of human needs,this paper deepens the theory of human need.On the other hand,it enriches the research contents of the ethics research in the classic works of Marx and Engels by the way of studying the problem of residence.These have reference significance to the "good life" of today’s society.