The Relationships Among Future Work Self,Career Maturity,Social Support And Career Exploration Of Teenagers

The individuals that aged 15 to 24 usually are called teenagers.In the early period of this stage,it is just the transition period from junior high school to senior high school.Junior high school students are generally divided into ordinary high school and vocational high school.At this stage,their school choice will lay the foundation for teenagers’ future career choice and planning.Moreover,teenagers are in a period that their physiology and psychology are develop rapidly,they start to become aware of themselves,they start to think about some questions,such as "who am I?" and "What can I do?" According to Erickson’s theory of eight stages of individual psychological development,teenagers that in the middle school period are in the key period to form role identity and prevent role confusion.Therefore,it is necessary to look into and set up their future roles in advance.In addition,many teenagers have already developed a preliminary sense of occupation,they are willing to engage in short-term part-time jobs during holidays and have accumulated relevant work experience,which can be regarded as their preliminary career exploration.But the behavior of teenagers at this stage is not systematic,and it is difficult to make a reasonable plan for their future.Therefore,it is necessary to encourage students to know the relevant knowledge of career in advance,plan for their future as early as possible,and support them into career exploration actively.Existing scholars have divided career exploration into self-exploration and environmental exploration.Self-exploration refers to the understanding and recognition of one’s own values,interests and hobbies of themselves.Environmental exploration refers to the exploration of external occupational environment that helps individuals achieve their career goals.Teenagers learn to use social support from family,school and friends during the process of career exploration,make their future work self clearer,and improve their career maturity gradually.It will lay a good foundation for their future employment.It’s good for their development of career.The purpose of this study was to understand the present situation of future work self,career maturity,social support and career exploration of teenagers,to explore the relationship between future work self,career maturity,social support and career exploration,to analysis the influence mechanism of career exploration,to provide a better way for teenagers to explore their career.The scale of future work self-definition,career maturity scale of middle school students,social support rating scale and career exploration questionnaire were used to investigate 968 teenagers(including high school and secondary vocational students)in Shandong.The data were analyzed by SPSS17.0 and AMOS22.0.Based on the analysis of date variance,this paper discusses the status quo and differences of teenagers’ future work self,career maturity,social support and career exploration in school,gender,grade,origin of students and only child.By using correlation analysis to explore the relationships among future work self,career maturity,social support and career exploration.Through the AMOS22.0 to construct the social support and career maturity mediated the relationship between future work self and career exploration.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In terms of the performance of career exploration,the students of secondary vocational school are superior to ordinary high school students.The career exploration emotion of the second grade students is higher than that of the students of first grade,and the career exploration behavior of the urban students is higher than that of the rural students(2)Compared with rural students,the future work self of urban students is clearer.(3)The career maturity of secondary vocational students is obviously higher than that of senior high school students.Compared with the first-grade students,the second-grade students have more knowledge of vocational fields.Compared with female students,male students are more utilitarian in career choice.Compared with urban students,rural students are more independent,more confident and more utilitarian in making career choices,and have more career self-knowledge.Compared with non-only children,only children are more active and stable in making career choices.(4)Social support of adolescents mainly comes from school and friends,and they feel less support from their families.Compared with the students of ordinary high school,the students of secondary vocational school get more social support in career exploration.Male students get more family support than female students in career exploration.(5)The clearer of the future working self,the higher the level of students’ vocational maturity and social support of teenagers,and the higher the level of students’ vocational exploration.(6)Social support and career maturity play chain mediation roles in the influence of future work self on career exploration in secondary vocational students.And social support also plays a partial mediation role in the influence of future work self on career exploration in high school students.