| Objective To understand the trend of height change and prevalence of short stature among children aged 7～14 in Anhui Province from 2010 to 2019,and to provide reference for targeted intervention measures.Methods From September to December 2019,stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select Hefei City in central Anhui Province,Suzhou City in northern Anhui Province and Chizhou City in southern Anhui Province,representing three areas with good,medium and poor economic level,respectively.Finally,4874 children aged 7-14 were investigated,and compared with the height data of Anhui students’ physical fitness and health survey in 2010 and 2014,to analyze the changes of height distribution characteristics and prevalence rate of short stature in the past ten years.Results1.The survey data in 2010,2014 and 2019 showed that the average height of boys was higher than that of girls,and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）.The average annual growth rate of height of boys aged 7-14 was about 5.5 cm/year,while that of girls was about 4.7 cm/year.The height growth rate of urban and rural boys was faster from 11 to 13 years old,with an average of more than 6.5 cm/year,and the annual growth rate of height slowed down significantly after 13 years old;The growth rate of girls in urban and rural areas was the fastest at 9 ～ 11 years old,about 6.0 cm/year,and the growth rate of height decreased significantly after 11 years old.The average height of boys aged7 years was significantly higher than that of girls（P < 0.05）,and the height gap gradually narrowed with the increase of age.In the age group of 10-12 years,the average height of girls was similar to that of boys,and even higher than that of boys.After 12 years,the average height of boys was significantly higher than girls,and the gap gradually increased.2.The average height of children aged 7-14 years in Anhui Province in 2019 was higher than that in 2010,and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）.3.In 2019,166 cases of short stature were found in urban and rural areas,and the overall detection rate of short stature was 3.41%.Among the children with short stature,75 were male,the detection rate was 3.27%;91 cases were female,the detection rate was 3.53%;There was no significant difference in the prevalence of short stature between male and female in urban and rural areas（χ2 = 0.261,P > 0.05）.The prevalence of short stature was 2.33%（male 2.20%,female 2.44%）;The prevalence of short stature was 4.49%（male:4.30%,female: 4.66%）;The prevalence of short stature in urban students was lower than that in rural students（χ2 = 17.264,P < 0.05）.4.In 2010,2014 and 2019,the prevalence of short stature was 2.73%,3.06% and 3.40%,respectively.There was significant difference between 2010 and 2019（χ2 = 4.154,P <0.05）.The prevalence of short stature in rural children was 3.10%,3.48% and 4.49%,respectively（χ2 = 7.177,P < 0.05）;However,there was no significant difference in the prevalence of short stature in urban children（P > 0.05）.Conclusion1.From 2010 to 2019,the average height of boys and girls aged 7-14 showed an upward trend,and the average height of boys increased more than that of girls;In the past 10 years,the average height of urban boys,rural boys,urban girls and rural girls also showed an upward trend,among which the growth rate of urban boys and urban girls was larger than that of rural boys and rural girls,and the growth rate of urban boys was the most significant.2.From 2010 to 2019,the detection rate of short stature in children aged 7-14 in Anhui Province showed a continuous upward trend,and the detection rate of short stature in both men and women increased.Among them,the detection rate of short stature in rural children increased significantly,while the detection rate of short stature in urban children had no significant change,which was much lower than that in rural children,and the gap between urban children and rural children gradually increased. |
