Study On The Influencing Factors Of Social Participation In Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Based On ICF Framework

Objective To investigate the current status of social participation in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes on the ICF framework,and to analyze the influencing factors of social participation in patients with type 2 diabetes from the three aspects of personal factors,environmental factors,physical function and structure.The research results provide reference for medical staff to formulate targeted intervention measures.Methods This study adopted a cross-sectional survey design.From January 2021 to November 2021,a total of 238 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the endocrinology department and outpatient clinic of a tertiary and first-class hospital in Anhui Province were selected as the research objects.The level of social participation was investigated through the self-participation assessment questionnaire.The factors related to social participation were investigated by General Information Questionnaire,Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale,Activities of Daily Living Scale,Social Support Rating Scale,UCLA Loneliness Scale and Lubben Social Network Scale-6.The influencing factors of social participation in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were analyzed from the three levels of the ICF framework by univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results In older adults with type 2 diabetes,（1）The social participation score was（50.20±15.13）.The average scores of items in the dimension of indoor autonomous participation,family role autonomous participation,social life autonomous participation,and outdoor autonomous participation are（1.48±0.68）,（2.01±0.75）,（2.05±0.64）,（2.67±0.92）points.（2）The results of univariate analysis showed different gender,educational level,per capita monthly household income,previous occupation,type of medical insurance,whether the community inhabited was equipped with a cultural activity center,community type,self-assessed health status,treatment method,presence or absence of other chronic diseases and presence or absence of The scores of social participation in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes with complications were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the social participation score was significantly negatively correlated with self-efficacy,social support and social network（r=-0.607～-0.528,P<0.01）,and was significantly correlated with activities of daily living and loneliness Significant positive correlation（r=0.561～0.643,P<0.01）.（3）The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,community type,social support,self-efficacy,loneliness,and activities of daily living in the ICF framework were the influencing factors of social participation in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Model 3 explained 69.1%（F=30.5,P<0.001）of the total variance.Conclusion The level of social participation in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is not ideal.The type of community is a factor affecting the social participation of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Patients in the old community had a lower level of social participation,educational level,self-efficacy and social support were positive predictors of social participation.loneliness and activities of daily living were negative predictors of social participation.It is suggested that medical staff and relevant departments should pay attention to the evaluation of the social participation of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes,focus on patients with low levels of social participation.Fully consider the role and influencing factors of social participation in elderly patients,carry out corresponding intervention measures in an all-round way,and actively play the positive role of social participation,and ultimately promote the improvement of disease management ability and disease control level of elderly patients with type 2diabetes.