| Objective: Cryptorchidism is a common congenital malformation of the genitourinary system in children.Childhood cryptorchidism is the most common cause of non-obstructive azoospermia in men after adulthood.Bilateral cryptorchidism is more common and the incidence is increasing year by year.Clinically,the surgical treatment of cryptorchidism has become mature.Descent testicular fixation can be anatomically reduced and reconstructed,and the cryptorchidism can be lowered and fixed in the normal position of the scrotum,reducing the risk of testicular cancer,but it is difficult to improve the early functional damage of cryptorchidism.Improve fertility after adulthood.The research mechanism of cryptorchidism postoperative atrophy and long-term cryptorchidism-related male infertility is not fully understood,and effective treatment methods are lacking.Adjuvant cryptorchidism therapy is considered to be a safe and effective treatment.Adjuvant hormone therapy can effectively correct the small pubertal defects of cryptorchidism boys and protect their reproductive potential.This study took the effect of androgens on the testes and sperm as the starting point to explore the effect of low-dose testosterone propionate on the spermatogenesis function of the testes of bilateral cryptorchidism rats.Methods: Thirty adolescent male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,sham operation group,model group,low-dose group,middle-dose group,and high-dose group,each with 6 male SD rats.The bilateral cryptorchidism rat model was established by surgery,and the rats in the sham-operated group were not treated at all.After the operation,the rats in the testosterone propionate intervention group started adjuvant treatment with testosterone propionate from the second day.The model group was injected with the same amount of 1ml sesame oil,and the rats in the low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups were injected with 1ml of testosterone2 and 4 respectively.,8mg/kg,intramuscular injection in the buttocks every other day.Three weeks later,the testes of each group were collected,weighed,and the weight ratio of the testes was calculated;blood was collected after centrifugation and the serum of each group was collected,and the levels of LH,FSH and T hormones of each group were measured using the Elisa kit;the semen in each group of epididymis and vas deferens was collected.Count them and observe their morphological changes,and record sperm production.The testicular tissues of each group were collected,fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde,and sliced.The histological changes and the tight junction structure of the testis were observed by HE staining.The apoptosis of spermatogonia was detected by TUNEL method,immunohistochemistry method,immunofluorescence method,Western Blot protein The expression level of Bcl-2/Bax,the key factor of apoptosis and the testicular tight junction protein Claudin 11,were detected by blotting.Results: The testis weight and testis/body weight organ coefficient in the model group were significantly lower than those in the sham operation group,and the difference was statistically significant;the testis weight and testis/body weight organ coefficient in the low-dose and high-dose groups increased compared with the model group,but The difference was not statistically significant.The testis weight and testis/body weight organ coefficient of the middle dose increased significantly compared with the model group,and the difference was statistically significant.The serum FSH and LH of rats in the model group were significantly increased,and the T hormone was significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant.The FSH hormone levels in the low,medium,and high dose groups gradually decreased,the LH hormone levels gradually increased,and the T hormone levels showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The sperm count and sperm survival rate of the model group were significantly lower than those of the sham operation group,and the sperm deformity rate was significantly higher than that of the sham operation group,and the difference was statistically significant;compared with the sham operation group in the low,medium,and high dose groups,sperm counts after administration The sperm survival rate was significantly increased,and the sperm deformity rate was also significantly reduced.Among them,the sperm count,sperm survival rate and deformity rate of the low-dose group and the middle-dose group were statistically significant compared with the model group.The effect of the middle-dose group optimal.In the sham operation group,the germ cells of each layer are arranged neatly,and a large number of sperm cells and flocculent sperm can be seen in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules;in the model group,the germ cells at all levels of the testis are arranged disorderly,the number is reduced,and the development is slow,and the lumen of the seminiferous tubules is obvious Narrowing,the lumen gap becomes larger,and there is no flocculent sperm formation in the center of the lumen;the testicular structure of the testosterone propionate intervention group has partial recovery compared with the model group,and the structure of the medium dose group has the most significant improvement.The TUNEL method test results showed that the germ cell apoptosis of the model group was significantly higher than that of the sham operation group.Compared with the model group,the low,medium,and high dose groups had different degrees of improvement.The medium dose group had fewer spermatogenic cell apoptosis;protein immunity The blot showed that compared with the sham operation group,the expression of the spermatogonia apoptosis factor Bax in the model group was significantly up-regulated,and the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 was up-regulated.The medium-dose group was compared with the model group Bax.The expression level was significantly down-regulated,and the Bcl-2 expression level was significantly up-regulated,which was close to the sham operation group.The tight junction structure between supporting cells in the model group was destroyed and cracks appeared,and the expression level of tight junction protein Claudin 11 decreased;the tight junction structure in the medium dose group was improved,and the expression level of Claudin 11 increased significantly.Conclusion: The administration of middle-dose physiological doses of testosterone propionate can exert anti-apoptotic effects by regulating the expression of Bax and Bcl-2;physiological doses of testosterone propionate can up-regulate the tight junction protein Clandin-11 to repair the blood testis barrier damage caused by cryptorchidism.Improve the microenvironment of spermatogenesis,and restore the testis and sperm of bilateral cryptorchidism rats.High-dose testosterone propionate inhibits the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis by negative feedback,which reduces the level of endogenous testosterone and produces an inhibitory effect. |
PDF Full Text Request