A Preliminary Study On The Distribution Of Transient Receptor Potential Channels In Inferior Turbinate Mucosa

Background:TRP channels are non-selective cationic channels with six transmembrane structures located on the cell membrane.Six subfamilies with more than 30 TRP channels have been identified so far.The TRPV subfamily is widely distributed in both sensory and non-sensory cells.TRPV1 is a nociceptive sensor activated by capsaicin,heat and protons.It has been proved that TRPV1 gene is expressed in primary cultured human upper and lower respiratory epithelial cells,and TRPV-4 is directly related to the stability of the olfactory region.TRPA1 is not only a chemical nociceptor,but also involved in harmful cold and mechanical sensations.Activation of TRPA1 sensory neurons can cause symptoms such as cough,sneezing,congestion,rhinorrhea,and itching.Trigeminal afferents are widely distributed in nasal mucosa,and more than 60%of nasal trigeminal afferents express TRPM8 receptors.Cold receptors at nerve endings in the upper respiratory tract are linked to sensory pathways that may have local and central reflexes when exposed to cold air.This study mainly explored the distribution and expression of TRPV1,TRPV4,TRPA1 and TRPM8 in inferior turbinate mucosa,which is of great help to understand upper respiratory tract diseases including allergic rhinitis.Cells expressing TRPV1,TRPV4,TRPA1 and TRPM8 in upper respiratory tract may be further therapeutic targets for some diseases.Objective:To investigate the distribution and expression of transient receptor potential channels TRPV1,TRPV4,TRPA1 and TRPM8 in inferior turbinate mucosa.Methods:Choose between January 2021 and December 2021,in the fellowship at jilin university hospital turbinectomy（derived from the nasal septum surgery or diagnosis in sinus cyst）in 12 patients,7 cases of men,women in 5 cases,on the premise of pathological diagnosis does not affect the normal need,take the inferior turbinate in patients with 0.5 cm at the front and rear tissue samples.They were divided into anterior inferior turbinate group and posterior inferior turbinate group.The samples were divided into two parts.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect TRPV1,TRPV4,TRPA1 and TRPM8,and the clinical data and experimental results of patients were statistically analyzed.RESULTS:This study found that the TRPA1 was positive cell in nasal mucosa distribution in the nasal mucosa epithelial cells,submucosal glands,but not dyed,eosinophils TRPV1 positive cells distributed in epithelial cells,endothelial cells,submucosal glands,and submucosal glands goblet cells and mucous membrane of the cells expressed higher levels of TRPV1 immune reactivity.TRPV4 positive cells were distributed in basal cells,submucosal glands and infiltrating cells,but TRPV4 was not expressed in goblet cells.TRPM8 positive cells in human nasal mucosa are distributed in epithelial cells,submucosal glands and blood vessels,and generally exist in the deeper gland and blood vessel region.The distribution and color of TRPA1,TRPV1,TRPV4 and TRPM8 in the anterior and posterior parts of inferior turbinate showed no significant difference（P>0.05）.The positive expression of TRPA1,TRPV1,TRPV4 and TRPM8 in inferior turbinate showed no significant difference in gender and age（P>0.05）.Conclusion:TRPA1,TRPV1,TRPV4 and TRPM8 were evenly distributed in human inferior turbinate mucosa,including epithelial cells,submucosal glands and vascular endothelial cells.