Research On The Impact Mechanism Of The Enterprise Employees’ Retirement On Health

As an important part of human capital,health is not only the main goal of human development,but also an important manifestation of the overall strength of a country.It is closely related to social and economic development.With the continuous improvement of population aging,studying the impact of retirement on health is of great significance for formulating a reasonable retirement system to balance the expenditure of pension and medical insurance.However,the existing researches mostly focus on analyzing the willingness of enterprise employees to delay retirement,and the research on the changes in the health level after retirement and the impact mechanism of the employees’ retirement on health still needs to be further explored.To this end,this paper adopts the 2011-2018 four-phase data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),using instrumental variables,regression discontinuity design and mediating effect models,based on China’s national legal retirement age,to verify the heterogeneity of the effects of enterprise employees retirement on health under different personal characteristics,as well as the mechanism of the impact of retirement on employees’ health,including spillover effects between couples and the impact of intergenerational care,social participation and health behaviors on the health of employees.This article is mainly divided into six parts,including research background and questioning,literature review,research data and method models,empirical research on the effects of retirement on employees’ health,the mechanism of retirement on health,conclusions and policy recommendations.First,it summarizes the research background of the retirement problems and health problems of the enterprise employees,and uses the literature analysis method to carefully organize the relevant literature,and summarizes the data,variables,methods and conclusions commonly used in the current research.Then this article establishes a theoretical framework based on the above content and conducts in-depth research on it.In the empirical analysis part,this paper selects the CHARLS data from the four periods of 2011,2013,2015,and 2018,then uses the causal inference method combining instrumental variables and regression discontinuity design and the mediating effect model to analyze in detail the full sample of enterprise employees and the heterogeneity of the health effects of retirement of different genders and different types of occupations.Then further research on the mechanism of the impact of retirement on the health of employees.Finally,proposed policy recommendations to improve the health of employees after retirement in the conclusion of this article.The results of empirical analysis show that the retirement of employees of different genders and different types of occupations will have a significant negative impact on their self-reported health.The increase in inter-generational care after retirement may be an important reason for reducing self-reported of physical health.The effect of retirement on mental health such as depression is more complicated,and no clear conclusions have been drawn.However,the increase in social activities and health behaviors after retirement will significantly improve the physical and mental health of employees,especially the mental health of women.In addition,due to the spillover effect between couples,the husband’s retirement will have a significant negative impact on the wife’s health.The innovations of this article are:(1)In terms of sample and data selection,this article selects the CHARLS 2011-2018 four phases of enterprise employee data,which covers a wide range of data and is updated.On the other hand,most of the existing research on the impact of retirement on health in China focus on the sample of the whole social labor force,but the research of this article can fill the gap in this area of research;(2)In terms of methods,this article adopts causal inference methods such as instrumental variables and regression discontinuity design,which can effectively resolve the reverse causality between health and retirement,so as to make the estimation result more reliable;(3)In terms of the content of the research,the confusion of gender and occupation may lead to the deviation of research results,so this article further refines the research sample,and divides the research sample data into males and females,white-collar workers and blue-collar workers,to control the individual heterogeneity of the research samples,and select objective health indicators for robustness testing.We hope that based on the research results,we can provide suggestions for effectively improving the health of employees.