The Effect Of Aloe Emodin Nano-liposome Mediated Photodynamic Therapy On Human Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma CAL-27 Transplanted Tumor In Nude Mice

Background and Purposeral cancer is a kind of malignant tumor frequently occurring in human beings.Among its many types,tongue squamous cell carcinoma occupies the largest proportion.At present,the main treatment method is still mainly surgical tre atment,supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.However,the destructive results caused by surgery and the severe side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy will have certain impacts on the life of patients.Photodynamic therapy(PDT),has received extensive attention due to its advantages of small damage,definite curative effect,simple operation and convenient operation,and reusability.Studies have proved that Aloe emodin(AE),which has photosensitivity,and its sudden anti-tumor effect has been widely studied.This paper discusses the effect of Aloe emodin nano-liposome(AE-L)mediated PDT on transplanted tumor of tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 cells in nude mice,in order to provide theoretical basis for further treatment of oral cancer.MethodsWhen CAL-27 cells of tongue squamous cell carcinoma were cultured in vitro to logarithmic growth phase,they were injected subcutaneously into the back of nud e mice to establish a tumor model.When the tumor diameter reached 3-5mm,they were randomly divided into 4 groups(Control group,Laser group,AE-L group,PDT group),6 in each group.The state of mice was observed every 2 days after treatment in each group,and tumor volume and weight of mice were recorded.All mi ce were killed on 14 th day,tumors and main organs(heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney)were completely removed,then the tumor tissues and main organs of each group were treated,and after sectioning,Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was performed to observe the pathology.Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and Ki-67,and the internal structure of tumor tissue was observed by transmission electron microscope.ResultsCompared with the control group,the tumor growth rate in the laser group,AE-L group and PDT group is slower,and the laser group and the control group have no difference(P > 0.05).The difference between AE-L group and the control group is statistically significant(P < 0.05),while the PDT group has the slowest tumor growth and the smallest volume,with significant difference compared with the control group(P < 0.01).HE staining showed cell necrosis in PDT group.The apoptotic bodies in PDT group can be observed by transmission electron microscope.Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Bax in PDT group was more than that in the other three groups,and the expression of Bcl-2 and Ki-67 were lower than that in the other three groups.There was no significant difference in the life state of mice in each group.The same is true for the body weight of mice in each group(P > 0.05).The main organs of mice were observed under microscope without obvious changes.ConclusionsPDT mediated by AE-L has obvious inhibitory effect on human oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 transplanted tumor in nude mice,and has no side e ffects.