Effect Of EPA On Glucose And Lipid Metabolism And Placental Lipid Transport In Pregnant Mice With GDM

Objectives In this study,by establishing a model of pregnant rats with GDM and giving different doses of EPA intervention,the changes of glucose and lipid metabolism and the effects on placental lipid transport of pregnant rats with GDM after ingested EPA were analyzed,and the effect of adding EPA in diet on the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism of GDM mothers and the development of GDM offspring were discussed,so as to provide theoretical basis for the clinical dietary guidance of adding unsaturated fatty acids.Methods GDM mouse model was established by high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of STZ,and divided into GDM model control group(GDM group,n=8),GDM+ low-dose EPA group(GDM+LI group,n=8)and GDM+ high-dose EPA group(GDM+HI group,n=8)according to different EPA intervention doses.Meanwhile,unmodeled normal pregnant mice of the same period were selected as blank control group(NC group,n=8).Blood glucose,blood lipid of pregnant rats were monitored during pregnancy.The expression levels of LPL and CD36 in placenta were detected by RT-PCR,Western Blot and immunohistochemistry.Body weight,buttock length,placenta diameter and weight of offspring mice were measured.Results 1 The blood glucose of pregnant mice with GDM is higher than that of normal pregnant mice.After EPA intervention,the blood glucose of pregnant mice with GDM is higher than that of pregnant mice with EPA intervention group.There is an interaction between time and intervention,and the efficacy of EPA intervention increased with time.There is statistically significant difference among observation time(P<0.05).2 The TG of pregnant rats ranged from high to low in GDM group(3.03±0.14),GDM+ Li group(2.62±0.14),GDM+ Hi group(2.45±0.11)and NC group(2.30±0.09),and the differences are statistically significant(P<0.05).HDL levels in NC group(9.37±0.45),GDM+HI group(8.48±0.39),GDM+ Li group(7.51±0.63)and GDM group(6.20±0.56)from high to low are compared in pairs,and the differences are statistically significant(P<0.05).There is statistically significant difference between GDM+ Li group(5.59±0.25)and GDM+ Li group(5.06±0.15)and GDM+ Hi group(4.90±0.22)Tc(P<0.05).There is no statistically significant difference between GDM+ Li group and GDM+ Hi group(P>0.05).There is statistically significant difference in LDL level between GDM+ Li group(123.38±4.78)and GDM+ Li group(113.75±3.99)and GDM+ Hi group(110.50±2.45)(P<0.05).There is no statistically significant difference between GDM+ Li group and GDM+ Hi group(P>0.05).3 PCR detection of LPL m RNA content in the placenta of pregnant mice in each group,NC group(1.01±0.06)>GDM+HI group(0.72±0.07)>GDM+LI group(0.57±0.05)>GDM group(0.50±0.08),pair comparison.The difference was statistically significant(F=121.42,P<0.05).CD36 m RNA content in GDM group(3.42±0.47)>GDM+LI group(3.25±0.44)>GDM+HI group(2.53±0.41)>NC group(1.24±0.42),the difference is statistically significant(F=41.86,P<0.05).4 Western blot detection of placenta LPL protein content,NC histone content is the highest,followed by GDM+ Hi group,GDM+ Li group,GDM group.CD36 protein content in GDM group is the highest,followed by GDM+ Hi group,GDM+ Li group and NC group.5Immunohistochemical results indicated that the staining of LPL in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of NC group is orange granules,the staining of GDM group is light brown,and the staining of GDM+ Li group and GDM+ Hi group is slightly darker and dark brown than that of GDM group.CD36 of the NC group is stained with light brown particles in the cell membrane and cytoplasm,while that of the GDM group is stained with brown particles.The staining of the GDM+ Li group is similar to that of the GDM+ Hi group,both of which are brown,and the staining is darker than that of the NC group and lighter than that of the GDM group.This indicated that the expression of CD36 is decreased under EPA intervention,but there is no significant dose difference.6 The average body weight and top-hip length of offspring mice from high to bottom are GDM group(0.957±0.068,1.660±0.102),GDM+ Li group(0.898±0.033,1.541±0.095),GDM+ Hi group(0.786±0.049,1.392±0.127),NC group(0.729±0.049,1.174±0.131).There are statistically significant differences in body weight,buttock length of offspring mice between groups and pairwise comparison(P<0.05).Conclusions 1 Adding EPA to the diet can reduce the blood glucose level of pregnant rats with GDM,and the effect of high dose EPA is better than that of low dose EPA.2Adding EPA to the diet can reduce the levels of TG,TC and LDL,while increase the level of HDL.The effects of decreasing TG and increasing HDL are dose-related,but there is no dose-related effect on TC and LDL.3 Adding EPA in the diet can increase the placental LPL expression of GDM pregnant mice,decrease the placental CD36 expression,and avoid excessive weight gain in the offspring of GDM pregnant mice.4 Adding EPA in the diet can reduce the body weight and buttock length of GDM offspring mice.The effects on the body weight and the length of the top and bottom of the offspring mice are related to the dose.Figure 10;Table 8;Reference 126...