Study On Reproductive Health Status And Influencing Factors Of Female Employers In An Automobile Manufacturing Enterprise In Chongqing

Objective:In order to understand the reproductive health status of female workers in Chongqing automobile manufacturing industry,explore the related factors affecting the reproductive health of female workers in Chongqing automobile manufacturing industry,and put forward targeted suggestions and countermeasures to improve the reproductive health status of female workers,so as to provide reference for improving the reproductive health level of female workers in Chongqing and provide reference for the investigation of reproductive health status of female workers in national projects basic data.Methods:The method of this survey is cross-sectional survey.Cluster random sampling method is adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey on reproductive health of female workers with working age≥1 year in a representative automobile manufacturing enterprise in Chongqing from April to October 2019.The survey contents include basic information,occupational status and reproductive health status.SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis.According to the normal distribution of measurement data,mean±standard deviation（（?）±s）or median and 0～100th percentile[M(P₀,P₁₀₀)]were used to describe.The counting data were expressed by frequency and percentage.Pearson chi square test was used to compare the counting data rate.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of reproductive health.Results:A total of 989 female employees in Chongqing’s automobile manufacturing industry were surveyed in this survey.The age of the 989female employees was 33（19,55）.They were mostly married（82.61%）,and the number of front-line employees was the largest（46.51%）.),the length of service M(P₀,P₁₀₀)is 9（1,35）years,with the largest number of people（46.92%）in 6-10 years.Female employees work 8 hours or more per day accounting for 69.06%.The work forms are day shifts and day shifts Mainly（76.95%）,the work position is mainly required to walk for a long time（45.70%）,and 50.05%of female workers need to be exposed to harmful factors.23.66%of female employees had menstrual abnormalities,the main abnormality was menstrual cycle disorder accounting for 36.89%,followed by abnormal menstrual volume accounting for 27.91%,and menstrual duration changes accounting for 15.29%.39.13%of female employees suffer from genital tract infectious diseases,the main disease is vaginitis accounting for 36.43%,followed by cervicitis accounting for 24.42%,pelvic inflammatory disease accounting for 13.57%.14.73%of female employees had genital itching,and 7.75%of female employees had abnormal leucorrhea,and none of them went to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment.The infertility rate of female employees was 20.33%,and the 1-year,2-year,and 3-year infertility rates were 11.89%,3.18%,and4.01%,respectively.6.22%of the female workers went to the hospital for diagnosis and checkups due to infertility.It was found that the cause of infertility was 42.22%in women and 13.33%in men.Female employees with a history of miscarriage accounted for 42.26%,of which artificial abortion accounted for 84.69%,the main cause of abortion was temporary undesired child（71.35%）;spontaneous abortion accounted for 15.31%,and the main cause of abortion was embryo abortion or missed abortion（53.13%）.A univariate analysis of related infertility factors showed that compared with women with normal menstruation,women with abnormal menstruation had a higher infertility rate（P<0.05）.A univariate analysis of the related influencing factors of menstrual abnormality showed that smoking,sleep time,work style,work intensity,eating and drinking at the job every day,and the history of miscarriage were related to women employees’menstrual abnormalities（P<0.05）,multi-factor logistic regression The analysis results show that work style and miscarriage history are the risk factors for female employees to have menstrual abnormalities.The risk of menstrual abnormalities in night shifts and night shifts was 1.506 times that of day shifts and day shifts（OR=1.506,95%CI:1.077～2.106）.Female employees with a history of miscarriage were 1.405times more likely to have menstrual abnormalities than those without a history of miscarriage（OR=1.405,95%CI:1.043～1.893）.A single factor analysis of the relevant influencing factors of infectious diseases of the reproductive tract showed that age,marital status,physical exercise,work style,length of service,changing clothes and cleaning before going home after get off work,miscarriage history,menstrual abnormalities and female employees suffering from reproductive Related tract infectious diseases（P<0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that marital status,miscarriage history,and menstrual abnormalities were risk factors for female employees to develop genital tract infectious diseases.The risk of married female employees suffering from reproductive tract infectious diseases was 2.193 times that of other female employees in marital status（OR=2.193,95%CI:1.486～3.237）.Female employees with a history of miscarriage were 1.474 times more likely to develop infectious diseases of the reproductive tract than those without a history of miscarriage（OR=1.474,95%CI:1.127～1.927）.Female workers with abnormal menstruation were 1.961 times more likely to suffer from reproductive tract infectious diseases than those with normal menstruation（OR=1.961,95%CI:1.446～2.660）.Persistence in physical exercise is a protective factor for female employees suffering from reproductive tract infectious diseases.Female employees who insist on physical exercise are at risk of developing reproductive tract infectious diseases 0.662 times that of female employees who do not adhere to exercise（OR=0.662,95%CI:0.481～0.912）.Conclusion:The overall status of the reproductive health of female employees in the automobile manufacturing industry is at an average level,but the prevalence of infectious diseases of the reproductive tract is relatively serious.Occupation-related factors such as night shifts,night shifts,and poor personal protection habits can affect the reproductive health of female employees.The infertility of female employees in this survey is only related to abnormal menstruation,and whether menstruation is normal may be an important indicator of fertility.A history of miscarriage is a key risk to female workers’reproductive health,and persistent exercise is a protective factor.Female employees’awareness of reproductive health protection is weak,and it is necessary to intensify the publicity of reproductive health knowledge for female employees in the automobile manufacturing industry,especially to inform about the hazards of induced abortion,improve their self-care awareness,and improve the reproductive health status of female employees in the automobile manufacturing industry.