| Smilax glabra Robx.(Liliaceae),Ancient records combined with modern pharmacological studies show that Smilax glabra Robx.has the effect of detoxification of heavy metals.Literature reports and previous studies of the research group show that the total extract of Smilax glabra Robx.can relieve the toxicity of heavy metal Pb.However,its detoxification active components are not clear,and its pharmacodynamic material basis is unknown.According to the above situation,this paper studies the material basis of Smilax glabra Robx.on the toxicity of lead,including four contents: 1)the toxicity of Pb decomposed by ethyl acetate of Smilax glabra Robx.;2)Study on the chemical composition of ethyl acetate fraction;3)Study on purification technology and qualitative and quantitative analysis of total flavonoids from ethyl acetate fraction;4)the toxicity of Pb decomposed by flavonoids of Smilax glabra Robx..The details are as follows:(1)the toxicity of Pb decomposed by ethyl acetate of Smilax glabra Robx.Based on the results of lead content,biochemical indexes and histomorphology,the active parts of Smilax glabra Robx.were screened to detoxify lead toxicity by establishing the model of acute lead poisoning.The results of lead content showed that compared with the model group,the Pb content in blood,liver and kidney of mice in medication administration teamt were markedly reducted.and the lead content in each part of mice in ethyl acetate group was 103.719±23.643μg/L、3.426±0.510μg/g and 12.429±0.606μg/g,respectively;The results of biochemical indexes showed that compared with the model group,In the treatment group,the content of MDA reducted,the content of GSH-Px and SOD raised in varying degrees.The content of MDA,GSH-Px and SOD in ethyl acetate group were1.851±0.120nmol/m L、238.335±37.935 U/m L and 185.271±1.275U/m L,respectively;The results of pathological section showed that the degree of liver and kidney injury in each treatment group was improved.These results suggest that the effective components of Smilax glabra Robx.have the effect of detoxification of Pb,and most of them are concentrated in ethyl acetate,which is the active part of detoxification of heavy metal Pb.(2)Study on the chemical composition of ethyl acetate fraction41 compounds were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction of Smilax glabra Robx.by column chromatography,including 16 flavonoids,11 phenylpropanoids,8 organic acids,1 sesquiterpene,2 stilbenes and 3 other compounds,including: Smiglanin A(1)、Smilaxone A(2)、Dihydroquercetin 7-O-α-L rhamnoside(3)、engeletin(4)、3’,4’,6-trimethoxydihydroflavone(5)、Dihydrokaempferol(6)、Taxifolin(7)、Astilbin(8)、Neoastilbin(9)、Neoisoastilbin(10)、Isoastilbin(11)、Eriodictyol-7-O-rhamnoside(12)、Naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(13)、Naringenin(14)、3’,4’,5-trihydroxy flavone-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside(15)、quercetin(16)、Kaempferol 3-O-[4’’’’’-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1→6)]-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→ 2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(17)、3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propane(18)、2-(3’,4’-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole-5-aldehyde(19)、(+)-icariol A2(20)、(+)-lyoniresinol(21)、Kompasinol A(22)、(+)-syringaresinol(23)、5-O-caffeoyl shikimic acid(24)、5-O-caffeoyl shikimate methyl ester(25)、Ferulic acid(26)、syringic acid(27)、Protocatechuic acid(28)、p-hydroxybenzoic acid(29)、Ethyl shikimate(30)、methyl shikimate(31)、shikimic acid(32)、4’-dihydrophaseic acid(33)、flufuran(34)、cis-resveratrol(35)、trans-resveratrol(36)、3,5,7-trihydroxychromone(37)、Smiglanin(38)、5-Hydroxymaltol(39)、3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(40)、5-Hydroxymethyl-furaldehyde(41)。Among them,2 compounds were new,16 compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time,and 2 compounds were isolated from this plant.(3)Study on purification technology and qualitative and quantitative analysis of total flavonoids from ethyl acetate fractionAstilbin was used as the reference substance to establish the method for the determination of total flavonoids.The results showed that the best purification process of total flavonoids from ethyl acetate fraction of Smilax glabra Robx.was ODS packing,25% methanol water solution as the loading solvent,washing 3 times of column volume,and 60% methanol water solution as the eluting solvent,washing 3times of column volume.The total flavonoids content increased by 16.3%,and astilbin content increased by 7.1%.TLC was used to identify the samples.Toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid(20:32:9)was used as the developer,and the samples were pre saturated for 10 min.then the samples were taken out and dried,and the samples were colored with 10%sulfuric acid ethanol solution.The results show that the samples and the reference solution show the same spot on the same thin plate.According to the comparative analysis of the characteristic chromatograms of the mixed reference substance and the sample,there were six common peaks in the ethyl acetate fraction of Smilax glabra under the same conditions,which were neoastilbin,astilbin,taxifolin,neoisoastilbin,isoastilbin and engeletin.The HPLC method was established with acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid water(18:82),flow rate: 1ml / min and detection wavelength: 290 nm.The content of astilbin in Smilax glabra was about 35.8% according to the standard curve.(4)the toxicity of Pb decomposed by flavonoids of Smilax glabra Robx.Through the establishment of chronic lead poisoning model,according to the results of lead content,biochemical indexes and histomorphology,the lead detoxification toxicity of total flavonoids from Smilax glabra was investigated.The results of lead content showed that the blood lead content in the model group was more than 200 μg/L,and the lead content in liver and kidney was also markably increased.while the lead contents in blood,liver and kidney of the treatment group were reduced,and there was a dose-dependent relationship.The lead content in each part of the high concentration group was 112.725±9.614 μg/L,0.111±0.006 μg/g and0.731±0.231 μg/g,respectively;The results of biochemical indexes showed that compared with the model group,the levels of ALT,AST,Cr and BUN in the treatment group were decreased in varying degrees,and the high concentration group of total flavonoids had the best effect,with the contents of 21.528±3.812 U/L,40.227±1.633U/L,11.560±0.570μmol/L and 7.207±0.625mmol/l,respectively;The results of histomorphology showed that compared with the model group,the degree of liver and kidney injury in each treatment group was improved,and the repair effect of total flavonoids H group was better than that of L and m groups,and the tissue structure was close to normal.In conclusion,the total flavonoids of Smilax glabra Robx.has a good lead excretion effect,has a certain protective effect on lead-induced liver and kidney injury,and has a dose-dependent relationship,which is the active component group of Smilax glabra Robx.for the detoxification of heavy metal Pb. 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