| Objective:To analyze and summarize the specific IgE(slgE)test results of patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)in Kunming,and to reveal the changes of allergens with age in patients with allergic rhinitis in this region,And the distribution differences between different ages and genders,to study the correlation between allergens,comorbidities and clinical symptoms,aiming to provide an objective basis for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of patients with allergic rhinitis.Methods:In this project,384 patients with allergic rhinitis who attended the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2020 to September 2020 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into child groups(≤14 years old)),youth group(15-44 years old),middle-aged group(45-59 years old)and elderly group(≥60 years old),record the patient’s history of asthma and allergic dermatitis,and apply chi-square test to allergens to summarize the distribution characteristics of allergens in Kunming;using visual analogue scale(visual analogue scale)scale,VAS)to score the clinical symptoms of patients,Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the allergens and clinical symptoms.Results:1.Among the 384 patients with allergic rhinitis enrolled this time,307 patients tested positive for allergens,and the positive rate was 79.9%.The most common allergen is the dust mite combination hx2(house dust mite/house dust mite/German cockroach/house dust),with a positive rate of 63.0%.2.Of the 307 patients who tested positive for allergens,41.7%of the patients were sensitized to one allergen,31.9%of the patients were sensitized to two allergens,12.1%of the patients were sensitized to three allergens,14.3%of patients are sensitized to≥4 allergens.3.In 178 male patients,the allergen-positive rate was 77.5%,while in 169 female patients,the allergen-positive rate was 82.0%,There was no significant difference in the positive rate between the two(P>0.05).The positive rate of dust mite combination hx2(house dust mite/house dust mite/German cockroach/house dust)in women is higher than that in men,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).The differences in other allergens between men and women are all No statistical significance(P>0.05).4.In the children group,the positive rate of dust mite combination hx2(house dust mite/house dust mite/German cockroach/house dust)and protein combination fx5(milk/egg protein/cod)was significantly higher than that of the elderly group.Nut combination fx1(peanut/hazelnut/Brazil nut/almond/coconut),animal dander combination ex1(cat dander/horse dander/hull dander/dog dander),mold combination mx2(penicillium spp./Mycosporium)The positive rate of Bacteria/Aspergillus fumigatus/Candida albicans/Alternaria/Bipolaris)was lower than that of the young group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).5.In patients with AR combined with asthma,dust mite combination hx2(house dust mite/house dust mite/German cockroach/house dust),grass pollen combination wx5(ragweed/Mugwort/French chrysanthemum/dandelion/Autumn kirin)Grass)and tree pollen combination tx5(grey alder/hazelnut/elm/willow/cotton leaf)positive rate was significantly higher than that of patients without asthma;in patients with AR combined with allergic dermatitis,protein combination fx5(milk/egg The positive rate of white/cod)was significantly higher than that of patients without allergic dermatitis,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).6.There is a positive correlation between the clinical symptoms of AR patients and the number of positive allergens(P<0.05),but th ere is no direct relationship with the highest positive intensity of allergen sIgE(P>0.05).Conclusions:The dust mite combination hx2 is the most common allergen in patients with allergic rhinitis in this area.With the increase of age,the positive rate of allergens has gradually decreased,and the positive rate of allergens in the elderly group has decreased significantly.The positive rate of dust mite combination hx2,grass pollen combination wx5,and tree pollen combination tx5 is significantly higher in patients with AR combined with asthma.In patients with AR combined with allergic dermatitis,the protein combination fx5(milk/egg white/cod)The positive rate was significantly increased.The clinical symptoms of AR patients gradually aggravated with the increase in the number of allergens,but there is no obvious relationship with the highest positive intensity of allergen sIgE.Allergen-specific IgE testing can help AR patients diagnose sensitized allergens,and has important clinical significance for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of AR diseases. |
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