Willingness To Receive COVID-19 Vaccine And Influenza Vaccination Status Among Healthcare Workers

Objective:This study aims to investigate the willingness of healthcare workers to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and the status of influenza vaccination,explore and analyze the factors that affect the COVID-19 vaccination of healthcare workers,and improve the willingness of healthcare workers to recieve COVID-19 vaccine and influenza vaccine.Methods:Using stratified cluster sampling,in November 2020,a online survey of all healthcare workers in 92 hospitals or CDC in Beijing,Shanxi,Shandong,Hubei,and Sichuan provinces was carried out.The basic information of the respondents,the knowledge of the prevention and control of COVID-19,the impact of the disease on them,opinions on the COVID-19 vaccine,and the COVID-19 vaccination willingness are statistically described.Multi-factor Logistic regression is used to analyze the factors affecting their vaccination willingness.In addition,a CDC,a hospital,a township health center,and a community health service center in a city of Shanxi Province were selected to carry interviews.According to the interview outline,face-to-face interviews among healthcare workers were conducted to obtain their willingness and influencing factors on the COVID-19 vaccine.At the same time,other potential causes that may affect the COVID-19 vaccination willingness of healthcare workers that are not covered by the questionnaire were also collected.Results:1.Among 9345 survey respondents,9163(98.05%)believed that the COVID-19 is serious,7234(77.41%)thought that if the epidemic persisted,they might be infected with the COVID-19,and 7985(85.45%)thought that the vaccines was approved by the state for marketing are safe,and 8032(85.95%)believe that the vaccines approved for marketing by the nation are effective.2241(23.98%)had been vaccinated against influenza in 2019,2875(30.77%)had been vaccinated against influenza in 2020;8880(95.02%)were concerned about the research and development of the COVID-19 vaccine.Most respondents(54.25%)can accept a vaccine less than 200 yuan,and 8506(91.02%)hope that the protection period of the COVID-19 vaccine will be more than one year.2.The proportion of healthcare workers who are willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine is 91.31%.After controlling for the influence of other variables,the region,marital status,education level,income,knowledge of COVID-19,and the view of vaccines including the covid-19 vaccine are the impact of the COVID-19 vaccine.Results showed that healthcare workers from central regions were more likely to receive COVID-19 vaccine than those from eastern regions(OR=1.77,95%CI:1.41-2.21).Compared with healthcare workers with high school/technical secondary school or below,those with bachelor’s degree(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.42-0.82),graduate degree or above(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.35-0.79)had a lower willingness to vaccinate.Those with income of 5000-10000 yuan per month were less willing to vaccinate than those with income below 3000 yuan(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.39-0.60).The awareness of COVID-19 and the perception of disease infection risk influenced the vaccination willingness of healthcare workers.Those who believed that COVID-19 was serious were more willing to receive vaccine(OR=2.10,95%Ci:1.41-3.14),and those who believed that they were at risk of COVID-19 were more willing to get vaccination(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.06 to 1.51);Cognitions and attitudes towards vaccines affect the willingness to vaccinate.Those who concern about the research and development of COVID-19 vaccine(OR=2.33,95%CI:1.82-2.99)have a higher willingness to vaccinate.Those who do not plan to be vaccinated against influenza in 2020 have a lower willingness to vaccinate against COVID-20 vaccine than those who have been vaccinated with influenza vaccine(OR=0.19,95%CI:0.16-0.24).3.Among the respondents,only 2241(23.98%)had been vaccinated against influenza in 2019,except 370(3.96%)with unknown information;In 2020,2875(30.77%)had been vaccinated against influenza,3743(40.05%)planned to be vaccinated,and 2727(29.18%)indicated that they would not be vaccinated against influenza.Compared with healthcare workers of high school/technical secondary school or below,those with college education(OR=0.81,95%CI:0.67-0.97),undergraduate education(OR=0.61,95%CI:0.51-0.72),graduate degree or above(OR=0.51,95%CI:0.39-0.67)had a lower willingness to receive vaccine.Compared with those without professional title/junior title,those with secondary title or above had a lower willingness to vaccinate(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.61-0.84).Vaccination willingness of healthcare workers in CDC(OR=2.17,95%CI:1.80-2.61)and health centers/health service centers was higher than that in hospitals(OR=1.41,95%CI:1.26-1.58).Those who are involved in the first-line work of COVID-19(OR=1.26,95%CI:1.14-1.40),who believe COVID-19 is a serious(ORF=1.61,95%CI:1.14-2.27),and who are concerned about vaccine research and development(OR=2.78,95%CI:2.26-3.41)are more likely to be vaccinated.People who had been vaccinated in 2019 were more likely to be vaccinated in 2020(OR=14.56,95%CI:11.55-18.36).4.The results of the interview show that there are multiple sources for healthcare workers to obtain knowledge about the COVID-19.The new media network has played an important role in the process of information dissemination.The healthcare workers have a strong sense of self-protection,and most of them have strong confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine,especially the domestic vaccine.The risk perception of COVID-19 infection,the safety and effectiveness of covid-19 vaccine,and the price of vaccine are the factors influencing the willingness of healthcare workers to receive COVID-19 vaccine.Conclusion:The willingness of healthcare workers to receive COVID-19 vaccine is high.The knowledge of COVID-19 and the concern for vaccine will increase the willingness to receive vaccine.The region and educational level of healthcare workers are the important factors that affect their willingness.It is still necessary to strengthen the publicity of the safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in order to enhance the confidence of healthcare workers in the vaccine and further improve their willingness.The influenza vaccination rate of healthcare workers is still low,so it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of influenza vaccine and improve the vaccination rate.