Analysis Of Neonatal Mortality And Causes Of Death From 2011 To 2020

Objective: To investigate the clinical data of neonates who died in hospital in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University in the past 10 years,and analyze the neonatal death situation and causes in the center,so as to provide the basis for improving the diagnosis and treatment level and reducing the mortality rate.Methods:This study was a single-center retrospective study,the clinical data of 494 neonates who died in our hospital from 2011 to 2020 were collected,and the general situation,characteristics,case fatality rate and cause of death of neonates were analyzed.Compare the two stages before and after 5 years,analyze the neonates who died of different gestational age and different birth weight,compare the mortality rate,and compare the changes in the order of death in the two stages.Results :(1)From 2011 to 2020,a total of22,237 cases were hospitalized,including 494 deaths,including 329 premature infants(66.6%)and 165 full-term infants(33.4%);224 cases(45.3%)died after ≤3 days,199cases(40.3%)died after 3 to < 7 days,and 71 cases(14.4%)died after ≥7 days.(2)The in-hospital fatality rate was 2.2%,showing a decreasing trend.The number of premature infants in hospital was rising and the fatality rate was declining.The mortality in hospital(2.75% decreased to 1.74%)showed a decreasing trend(P<0.001).The mortality rate of neonates at different gestational ages decreased(P<0.001);The fatality rate at different birth weight stages decreased(P<0.001);(3)The main causes of death were: premature birth and related complications,respiratory diseases,congenital diseases and infectious diseases.The main causes of death of early neonates are premature birth,associated complications,respiratory diseases and congenital diseases.The main causes of death in late neonates were premature birth,associated complications,infectious diseases and respiratory diseases.Preterm birth and related complications,respiratory diseases and infectious diseases were the top three leading causes of death from 2011 to 2015.Preterm birth and related comorbidities,congenital diseases and respiratory diseases were the top three causes of death between 2016 and 2020.(4)The common complications of pregnant mothers in neonates who died were hypertension related diseases,gestational diabetes mellitus,hypothyroidism,premature rupture of membranes,and placental abnormalities.Conclusion: During the 10 years,the mortality rate of neonatal hospitalization in our hospital showed a decreasing trend,among which the mortality rate of small gestational age and low birth weight neonates decreased significantly.The causes of death in hospital were premature infants and related complications,respiratory diseases,congenital diseases and infectious diseases.Strengthening perinatal health care,optimizing treatment details of inpatients and strengthening education to family members are the measures to reduce the neonatal mortality rate.