| ObjectiveScutellariae Radix is a common Chinese medicinal material.There are137 preparations in the first volume of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,2015,Volume I,formula preparation and single flavor preparation,which contain Scutellaria.The treatment method relates to water extraction,water extraction and acid precipitation,grinding,water extraction and alcohol precipitation,alcohol extraction,water extraction and alum precipitation,and frying.In this paper,the content difference of flavonoids in Scutellariae Radix water extract,alcohol extract and water extract alcohol precipitation extract was studied.The antibacterial activities of different extracts and four flavonoids against Staphylococcus aureus were studied,and the antibacterial mechanism of baicalin,the main active component of Scutellariae Radix,was analyzed.To provide reference for the treatment of Scutellariae Radix.To provide scientific basis for the formulation of Chinese medicine containing Scutellariae Radix.MethodsDifferent extracts of Scutellariae Radix were obtained by water extraction,alcohol extraction and water extraction and alcohol precipitation.The content of four flavonoids in each extract was determined by HPLC.Staphylococcus aureus was used as the model bacteria.The antibacterial activity of different extracts and four flavonoids of Scutellariae Radix was used as the index.The correlation between the content of four active components and the antibacterial activity was analyzed.The effect of Baicalin on the growth ofStaphylococcus aureus,the conductivity of bacterial solution,the leakage of bacterial nucleic acid and the structure of bacterial cell were investigated.ResultsThe content of Baicalin in different extracts of Scutellariae Radix is much higher than that of baicalein,scutellarin and scutellarin.The content of four components in ethanol extract was higher than that in water extract and alcohol precipitate.The contents of four components in 50% ethanol extract were 20.8%,4.19%,2.82% and 1.83% respectively.The diameter of bacteriostatic circle of ethanol extract to Staphylococcus aureus was significantly larger than that of water extract and alcohol precipitate.The diameter of bacteriostatic circle of 50% ethanol extract was 16.4 ± 1.1mm.Among the four flavonoids,baicalin had 2.39 times the diameter of bacteriostatic circle to Staphylococcus aureus,2.84 times the diameter of scutellarin,1.64 times the diameter of scutellarin,MIC and MBC were lower than those of scutellarin,scutellarin and scutellarin.When baicalin acts on Staphylococcus aureus,it can increase the conductivity of bacterial fluid,increase the leakage of nucleic acid,and observe the destruction of cell structure.ConclusionsAmong Scutellariae Radix water extract,alcohol extract and water extract alcohol precipitate,the content of four components in 50% alcohol extract is the highest and the bacteriostatic effect is the best.Baicalin is the main antibacterial component of Scutellariae Radix.The mechanism of bacteriostasis may be to destroy the cell membrane of Staphylococcus aureus,increase the permeability of cell membrane,and make the cell lose nutrients.In the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine,compared with the methods of water extraction and alcohol precipitation,the method of ethanol extraction is more scientific and reasonable. |
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