Clinical Significance Of Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets In Patients With Herpes Zoster

Objective:This study mainly focused to investigate the change of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of Herpes Zoster patients and its clinical significance.Method:As per study requirement,Herpes Zoster suffering patients were selected.One hundred patients suffering from Herpes Zoster with age group ranging from 22 years to 75 years were enrolled for the study.Female recruited for the study were 61 in total number and the total number of male recruited were 39.They were the patients hospitalized in dermatology department between May 2018 to January 2019.Forty age-matched and gender-matched individuals who received physical examination were considered as a control group.The patients medical records were reviewed carefully.Informations regarding age,gender and sites for appearance of the rashes were recorded.CD3+T cell,CD4+T cell and CD8+T cell counts were determined by using flow cytometry.Results:The datas showed that both in HZ patients group the levels of CD3+T cell(P=0.001)and CD8+T cell(P<0.001)were lower significantly than in comparison with the control group.Significant statistical difference was not found out between the level of CD4+T cell in HZ patients group as compared to the control group(P=0.090).CD4/CD8 ratio in HZ patients group was higher significantly than control group(P=0.014).In control group,significant correlation wasn’t found between CD3+T cell,CD4+T cell,CD8+ T cell with the age.However,there was direct correlation(r=0.344;P=0.035)of CD4/CD8 ratio with the age in control group.In HZ patients group,no any significant correlation between CD3+ T cell,CD4+T cell,CD8+T cell and CD4/CD8 ratio was found out to be present with the age.There were no any significant differences in CD3+ T cell,CD4+T cell,CD8+ T cell and CD4/CD8 ratio in three different age groups(<50 years,50-59 years and ≥60 years)of patients suffering from HZ(P>0.05).However,the CD8+ T cell in the age group ≥60 years was higher significantly than as in comparison with the 50-59 years age group.There were no any differences significantly to be found in the CD3+T cell,CD4+ T cell,CD8+T cell and CD4/CD8 ratio between female and male of the patients suffering from HZ or control(P>0.05).Likewise,no differences were found significantly in the CD3+T cell,CD4+T cell,CD8+ T cell and CD4/CD8 ratio in three different locations(head and facial,torso and limbs)of the patients with HZ(P>0.05).However,the CD8+ T cell in the torso group was higher significantly than in comparison with the head and facial group(P<0.05).The ROC curves of the CD3+ T cell,CD4+ T cell,CD8+T cell and CD4/CD8 ratio were tested for its ability to predict HZ.In ROC curve of CD3+T cell,the occurrence of HZ was predicted with a sensitivity of 77.5%and 55%specificity.The CD4+ T cell area under ROC curve was 0.592,and it was no significant(P>0.05).In ROC curve of CD8+ T cell,the occurrence of HZ was predicted with a sensitivity of 77.5%and 60%specificity.Similarly,in ROC curve of CD4/CD8 ratio,the occurrence of HZ was predicted with a sensitivity of 67.5%and 59%specificity.Conclusion:There is a significant decrease in CD3+ T cell and CD8+T cell level in patients with Herpes Zoster indicating that cell-mediated immunity might influence the pathogenesis and clinical outcome of VZV infections.CD8+T cell might have a potential to act as a clinically relevant tool to predict treatment failure.CD8+T cell has more sensitivity and more specificity on predicting Herpes Zoster.