Preparation Of A Liquid Fertilizer And Its Application Effect On Carnation And Aspidistra Elatior

Liquid fertilizer has been widely used in agricultural production because of its flexible formula,accurate application and various functions.The development of compound liquid fertilizer to meet the needs of crops for a variety of nutrients is an important direction of the development of the industry.After investigation,it is found that,the phosphorus content of liquid fertilizer on the market is generally low,the main reason is that phosphate ions are easy to precipitate with metal ions（Ca2?,Mg2?）and are difficult to be absorbed and utilized by plants,which greatly reduces its effectiveness.Therefore,how to improve the stability of phosphorus containing liquid fertilizer and reduce the formation of precipitation is the key problem to be studied in this paper.Based on the orthogonal design of four main substances（ammonium polyphosphate,AC-Mg,fulvic acid and trace elements）affecting the stability of precipitation rate of phosphorus containing liquid fertilizer,the basic nutrient formula with the strongest stability was selected;Then,the optimum addition amount of wetting agent and stabilizer is determined by adding stabilizer（CMC）and wetting agent（A,B,C）;The best amount of stabilizer and wetting agent were compounded,the best compounding type and its mass ratio were selected according to the precipitation rate and interface effect,and the stability of liquid fertilizer under different temperature and pH conditions was further verified;Finally,carnation and monophyllum were used as test flowers,and combined with pot experiment,the practical application effect of liquid fertilizer under spraying and root application was explored.The main results are as follows:（1）For the basic nutrient screening test of liquid fertilizer,firstly,through the screening test of main substances affecting the precipitation rate in liquid fertilizer,it is determined that among all the added substances（potassium nitrate,ammonium nitrate,potassium dihydrogen phosphate,ammonium polyphosphate,AC-Mg,AC-Ca,boric acid,manganese sulfate,zinc sulfate,copper sulfate,molybdic acid and nickel sulfate）,the four substances that have the greatest impact on the precipitation rate of liquid fertilizer are ammonium polyphosphate,AC-Mg,fulvic acid and trace elements;Through the orthogonal test of four factors and three levels（the four factors and three levels are: 9.5%,8.5% and 7.5% ammonium polyphosphate,1.5%,1% and 0.5% AC-Mg,3.4%,3.2% and 3% fulvic acid,0.15%,0.1% and 0.5% trace elements respectively）,the influence degree of these four substances on the precipitation rate of liquid fertilizer is determined as follows: AC-Mg>ammonium polyphosphate>trace elements>fulvic acid,the optimum addition amounts of the four substances（F8 treatment）were determined as follows: 8.5% ammonium polyphosphate,1% AC-Mg,3.2% fulvic acid and 0.1% trace elements,and the total addition amount of other substances was 8.5%.（2）Through the experiment of the effect of CMC addition on the stability of liquid fertilizer,it is determined that the suitable addition range of CMC is 0.6% ～ 0.8%;Through the influence test of the addition amount of wetting agent on the stability of liquid fertilizer,it is determined that the appropriate addition amount of wetting agent A is 0.8%,the optimal addition amount of wetting agent B is 0.6%,and the appropriate range of the addition amount of wetting agent C is 0.8%～1%;Through the compounding test of stabilizer and wetting agent,considering the stability of liquid fertilizer,interface properties and cost,the compounding effect of stabilizer wetting agent is CMC-wetting agent A>CMC-wetting agent C>CMC-wetting agent B,and the optimum mass ratio of CMC-wetting agent A should be2.5:1.（3）The results showed that the stability coefficient and viscosity of all treatments increased with the increase of temperature in the range of-5℃～25℃;At different temperatures,the stability of liquid fertilizer with CMC-wetting agent A is the best.Through the influence test of pH on liquid fertilizer,the results show that in the range of pH 6～8,the stability coefficient of all treatments decreases with the increase of pH,and the viscosity has no obvious change with the increase of pH;Under different pH conditions,the stability effect of liquid fertilizer with CMC-wetting agent A is the best.（4）The effect of self-made liquid fertilizer is better than the market liquid fertilizer selected in this experiment,which can significantly promote the early flowering of carnation and prolong the flowering period for 1～3 days.When the dilution ratio of spraying self-made liquid fertilizer was 1:900,the growth condition of carnation was the best.When the dilution ratio of liquid fertilizer was 1:500,the growth condition of carnation was the best.For aspidistra,the growth promoting effect of self-made and market liquid fertilizer is similar.