Effects Of Maternal Methyl-Donor Micronutrients Supplementation During Gestation On Glucolipid Metabolism And Mitochondrial Function In The Liver Of Piglets

A total of 43 gilts(Duroc × Erhualian)were artificially inseminated with purebred Duroc semen(littermate Duroc boars)witch initial body weight of 102.8 ± 6.3 kg and had the same genetic background,and were divided into two dietary groups during gestation:control diet(CON n=21)and CON diet supplemented with MET(folic acid,methionine,choline,vitamin B6 and vitamin B12,n=22).During lactation,sows received a standard lactation diet.Lactation lasted 24 days.Experiment 1: the purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of methyl donor in sow pregnancy diet on liver glucose and lipid metabolism of newborn piglets.(methods)16 newborn weaned piglets were selected in the experiment,and 8 piglets close to the average were selected in each treatment group.The related indexes of serum and tissue of piglets were determined.The results showed that: 1)Maternal MET exposure during pregnancy has no significantly effect on reproductive performance of newborn piglets,but increased the body weight at weaned piglets,and the spleen weight of newborn piglets(P<0.05).2)Maternal MET supplementation significantly increased the concentration of offspring serum AST and ALT.3)Compared with the CON,maternal MET supplementation during pregnancy significantly increased the activities of G6 PC and PEPCK in liver of offspring piglets.Liver obtained from the MET-fed piglets had a lower TG and TC concentrations than that from the CON-fed sow(P<0.05),4)Compare with the control group,maternal MET supplementation during pregnancy significantly up-regulated the m RNA expression of related to gluconeogenesis gene like PC,PEPCK1 of offspring piglets.In addition,maternal MET supplementation during pregnancy significantly up-regulated the expression of G6 PC and PEPCK1 of offspring(P<0.05).5)Maternal MET supplementation significantly up-regulated the m RNA expression of lipid synthesis-related genes like SREBP-1C,FAS in the liver of offspring piglets,and down-related the m RNA expression of lipid decomposition-related genes like PPARα、LPL in the liver of offspring piglets(P<0.05).Experiment 2: Using the tissue sample of experiment 1.Detection of indicators related to energy metabolism and the expression of related m RNA in liver samples.The results showed that: 1)Maternal MET exposure during pregnancy significantly increased the concentration of ATP and NAD+ and NAD+/NADH in the liver of offspring piglets(P<0.05).Compared with the CON,maternal MET exposure during pregnancy significantly increased the concentration of mt DNA in the liver of offspring piglets(P <0.05).2)Compared with the CON,maternal MET exposure during pregnancy significantly increased the ability of antioxidant,and improved the activities of GSH-Px markedly,and decrease the MDA content significantly of offspring pigs(P<0.05).3)Compared with MET,maternal MET exposure during pregnancy significantly up-regulated the m RNA expression of PGC-1α,TFAM in liver of offspring piglets(P < 0.05).In conclusion,the addition of methyl donor in the diet of sows during pregnancy can inhibit the accumulation of liver fat,promote gluconeogenesis and increase the content and activity of mitochondria,suggesting that methyl donor can regulate the liver glucose and lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function of offspring piglets.