Investigation On The Occurrence Of Bee Virus Disease In Shaanxi Province

Honeybee is one of the most important resource insects in nature,which has great economic value and ecological benefit.However,due to climate change,destruction of habitats and outbreaks of pests and diseases,many pollinators including honeybees have been threatened,and numerous deaths of bee colonies have occurred from time to time.Shaanxi is one of the provinces with the longest history of beekeeping in the country,and the virus is one of the important reasons for the collapse of the bee colony and the massive decrease in the number of bees.In order to investigate the occurrence of honeybee virus diseases in Shaanxi Province,this study collected adult honeybees from eleven locations in Shaanxi Province as samples,used RT-PCR for rapid pathogen identification,and counted the incidence of nine bee viruses in various regions.The main results are as follows:1.The virus infection rate and multiple-viruses infection rate of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera are significantly different.The most prevalent viruses in A.mellifera are Am FV,DWV and CBPV,and the most prevalent viruses in A.cerana are Am FV and IAPV.A.cerana usually carry one virus or no virus,while A.mellifera usually carry 1 to 3 viruses.2.The infection rates of DWV,IAPV and Am FV in A.mellifera in Yulin were all high,and each bee usually carried two or three kinds of viruses.The A.mellifera in Yan ’an were infected with DWV,IAPV and Am FV,and each bee usually carried one to three kinds of viruses.The infection rates of BQCV,CBPV and Am FV in A.mellifera in Weinan were all high,and each bee usually carried 1 to 3 kinds of viruses.The infection rate of BQCV,CBPV and Am FV in A.mellifera in Yangling district is very high,and each bee usually carries three kinds of viruses.3.Among the 60 honeybees collected from Chencang District,Baoji City,7 bees were not infected with any virus,and the infection rate of Am FV was very high for both kinds of bees.The most prevalent virus in A.cerana in Taibai County was IAPV,and the infection rate of IAPV and Am FV in wasps was high.All the bees in Fengxian County were infected with IAPV,and each bee carried two or three kinds of virus.The infection rate of IAPV and CSBV was high among the bees in Liuba County.Two bees were not infected with any virus,and the others usually carried one virus.4.The infection rates of DWV,IAPV and Am FV among the bees in Hantai District of Hanzhong City were all 95% or above,half of the bees were infected with CSBV,and each bee generally carried 3 or 4 kinds of viruses.The infection rates of DWV,IAPV,CSBV and BQCV in the bees in Shangluo were all above 50%,and each bee usually carried 3 or 4kinds of viruses.The infection rate of DWV,IAPV and Am FV in Ankang wasps is very high,and each bee generally carries three kinds of viruses.In summary,SBV and ABPV were not detected in all honeybees.The virus with the highest infection rate of A.cerana and A.mellifera is Am FV.The anti-virus ability of A.cerana is higher than that of A.mellifera.The virus infection rate of each collection site showed certain geographic similarities and differences.Honeybees in the Qinling Mountains are generally healthier.The research results will directly provide reference for the beekeeping practitioners in Shaanxi,and the results of the virus surveys in various regions will provide information for prevention and control of bee virus diseases in various regions.