Effects Of Planting Pattern And Density On Photosynthetic Characteristics And Yield Of Winter Wheat

As one of the most important food crops in China,wheat is continuously optimized and adjusted.Compared with other planting methods,the three-dimensional uniformity of wheat can effectively utilize the resources of soil,light and water.The wheat seeds are evenly and evenly distributed in the soil,and the wheat seedlings have a distribution of "point gathering",which effectively increases the growth advantage of individuals and optimizes the population structure.To achieve high yields.In this paper,Xindong 46 is used as the tested variety,and the field cracking test is carried out at the Qitai wheat test station.The main area is two planting modes:three-dimensional uniform(UN),strip(DR),and the sub-area is planting density.A total of 4 levels:3.75 million plants/hm2,3 million plants/hm2,2.25 million plants/hm2,1.5 million plants/hm2.The sowing methods were all artificially planted,and the effects of planting pattern and planting density on winter wheat growth and development,yield formation,photosynthetic characteristics,canopy structure,dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and distribution were discussed.Planting pattern and density were applied to winter wheat yield and photosynthetic crown.The effect of layer characteristics.The main findings are as follows:1.Effects of planting pattern and density on growth and yield formation of winter wheatUnder the conventional seeding planting mode,the plant height and length of wheat,the number of main stems and leaves,the number of tillers and stems,the length of tiller and stem,the number of spikelets of tiller,stem number,1000-grain weight and yield increased with planting density.The trend of increasing and then decreasing,the number of tillers,the main stems,the tillers,the main stem length and the number of spikelets in the main stems gradually decreased,and the number of spikes decreased first and then increased;Under the planting mode,the length of wheat and the length of the inverted section,the length of the main stem,the length of the tiller,and the number of spikelets of the main stem increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density,and the number of tillers and the main stems were thick.The 1000-grain weight showed a decreasing trend.The number of main stems and leaves,the number of tillers and stems,the tiller stems and the number of spikelets,the number of spikelets and the yield of the tillers increased first and then increased,and the number of spikes increased.Under the planting density condition,the average plant height of each planting density decreased by 2.53%compared with the conventional seeding,the lower one decreased by 5.09%,the average number of panicles per hectare increased by 17.68%,the grain number per ear and the thousand grain weight decreased by 0.55%and 4.75%.The output increased by 9.84%.2.Effects of planting pattern and density on photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheatIn the conventional seeding planting mode,with the increase of density,LAI,SPAD,Pn,Tr,Gs increased first and then decreased,and Ci decreased first and then increased.In the stereoscopic planting mode,with the increase of density,the LAI showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.The SPAD value,Pn,Tr,Gs of the leaves showed a trend of decreasing gradually,and Ci gradually increased.Under the same density conditions,the LAI,leaf SPAD value,Tr and Gs of the stereoscopic planting mode increased by 3.75%,7.52%,5.24%and 6.10%,respectively,and the Ci decreased by 5.21%compared with the conventional strip.3.Effects of planting pattern and density on canopy characteristics and dry matter accumulation and translocation of winter wheatUnder the conventional seeding planting mode,with the increase of planting density,the PAR interception rate increased first and then decreased,and the PAR transmittance decreased first and then increased.Under the stereoscopic planting mode,with the increase of planting density,PAR The interception rate showed a decreasing trend,and the PAR transmittance increased.Under the same planting pattern,dry weight at flowering stage,dry weight at maturity and grain weight,dry matter transport capacity,dry matter transport rate,and dry matter transport contributed to grain.The dry matter quality and distribution rate of the rate,stem sheath,leaves,hull and cob,and grain basically showed a trend of decreasing with the increase of planting density.Under the same planting density,the stereoscopic sowing was intercepted by PAR of conventional stripping.The average rate increased by 5.41%,the PAR transmittance decreased by 4.72%on average,and the dry weight,maturity dry weight and grain weight increased by 27.34%,33.59%and 11.02%,respectively.The dry matter transport and dry matter transport contributed to the grain.The increase was 11.56%and 0.62%,and the dry matter transfer rate decreased by 3.46%.According to the comprehensive analysis,under the conditions of this experiment,the planted density of winter wheat in the three-dimensional uniform planting mode was 1.5 million plants/hm2,It can obtain higher yield,strong photosynthesis performance,reasonable canopy structure,more dry matter accumulation,and balanced distribution in reproductive organs and vegetative organs.