| To investigate the influences of different density treatments on the Photosynthetic characteristics and yields of winter wheat under bunch planting, the dynamic changes of several eco-physical characteristics of wheat growth were measured and compared, including height, tiller, Photosynthetic characteristic and yield. Three sets of treatments were arranged in a split-split plot design. The whole-plot treatment factor was the Row spacing, 22 cm or 18 cm. The subplot treatment factor was the hole spacing, including 12 cm, 16 cm, 20 cm and 24 cm. The sub-subplot treatment factor was the point grains, including 12, 10 and 8. At the same density treatment, the physiological indexes were influenced most in the jointing stage. And the wheat tillers, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomata conductance and effective panicles were the highest in 20 cm hole spacing and 8 point grains, while the influences of density treatments on the tillers of wheat in jointing stage consistent with the effective panicles in mature stage. The height of wheat is mainly affected by row spacing and the height was highest in 16 cm hole spacing under the same row spacing and point grains.(1) Different Row Spacing tillering number and sub-groups of each period to the highest number of roots at 22 cm row spacing, plant height and the highest at 18 cm spacing, different points from the different configuration groups change the shape index of each period, groups of plants high in the highest growth period are 24 cm, 16 cm and 20 cm from the hole hole spacing effect is quite handling are 24 cm hole distance with little difference. Where in the height minimum 12 cm away from the hole, and with the other points away from treatment were significantly different(P <0.05). Wheat population tiller number at different times showed the highest 16 cm, and with the growth of conduct to reduce the number of tillers. Wheat Groups secondary root number at jointing and filling stages are 20 cm hole distance highest at booting stage between each hole from a considerable level of treatment. Different grains hole horizontal configuration height is roughly equal in each period, eight and 10 points under wheat grains processing secondary root number tillering and population growth in the period compared with 12 high.(2) The wheat flag leaf photosynthesis and its related parameters analysis showed that wheat net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance showed a significant positive correlation, before heading higher than 22 cm spacing at 18 cm spacing after heading a high level of treatment 22 cm to 18 cm. Effects of Spacing on transpiration rate of CO2 concentration in leaves and net photosynthetic rate and vice versa. Wheat Row Spacing before heading 18 cm high, 22 cm row spacing on transpiration rate and CO2 concentration cell after heading more pronounced. Same hole spacing configuration different from the relevant indicators of the impact of each plant photosynthesis consistency, changes with the growth of net photosynthetic rate of wheat, SPAD value, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate showed a bimodal curve jointing and flowering elevated trend, hole spacing arranged in reviving influence heading and filling of each photosynthesis were not significant, photosynthetic indexes represent different points in the jointing and flowering distance configured for 20cm> 16cm> 24cm> 12 cm and 24cm> 20cm> 16 cm > 12 cm. 16 cm, 20 cm, 24 cm each growth stage SPAD value processing level is very, 12 cm away from the hole at the lowest SPAD.(3) The row Spacing of different wheat fresh weight, dry matter accumulation as follows: seedling higher reviving 22 cm row spacing, higher at jointing and heading 18 cm spacing performance. Different points from the next configuration plant fresh weight, dry matter accumulation consistent level of treatment, there was no significant difference between the seedling and reviving each treatment(P> 0.05), dry jointing plant fresh weight showed: 20cm> 16cm> 24 cm > 12 cm, heading each treatment level was 12cm> 20cm> 16cm> 24 cm. Different points wheat grains fresh weight and dry matter accumulation affected significantly different hole configuration grains had no significant effect on the wheat seedling fresh weight, turning green between 10 and 8 treatment levels fairly and significantly above the 12 level. Jointing and heading stages of wheat grains fresh weight by the impact points consistent performance, were up 10 and 10 were significantly higher than eight configuration. Wheat dry matter accumulation in seedling and reviving that hole configuration grains had no significant effects. Jointing wheat dry matter accumulation affected the level consistent with the fresh weight of wheat, eight points heading grains of wheat dry matter accumulation highest configuration.(4) Components of wheat 18 cm and 22 cm row spacing configurations are 18 cm highest wheat yield, acres of panicles, grain weight and grain number consistent performance. Different points from the configuration components on wheat yield and yield significant inconsistencies, where grain number to 20 cm hole distance highest level profiling, 24 cm hole distance configuration Secondly, 12 cm hole distance minimum. Wheat panicles up to 16 cm hole distance configuration, 12 cm and 24 cm little difference, 20 cm configuration wheat panicles minimum. Cell yield and grain weight are 24 cm hole distance highest grain weight 12 cm and 20 cm configuration differences are not significant, 16 cm from the lowest points, and cell production to 12 cm minimum. Grain number at different point grains configured to 12 and 8 the highest, the difference is minimal. Grain weight to 10 grains per hole configuration the highest, followed by 12, 8 minimum.There was a clear interaction between the influences of row spacing and hole spacing, the jointing stage was the critical periods of field management for winter wheat under bunch planting. Reasonable irrigation and fertilizer managements are needed at the growth stages to guarantee a higher yield of winter wheat in arid region. |
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